tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10478454129380702092024-03-14T00:51:00.659-07:00College admission essay servicesUnknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger1219125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1047845412938070209.post-7377474795367636462020-08-26T14:19:00.001-07:002020-08-26T14:19:06.439-07:00Design And Construction Fundamentals Of Earth Dams Environmental Sciences EssayPlan And Construction Fundamentals Of Earth Dams Environmental Sciences Essay This paper centers around earth dams, one of the most established earth dams. Framing administration repository for household water flexibly and water system reason, earth dams contain the most various class. The plan and development of Earth dams are perplexing a direct result of the idea of the changing establishment conditions and the various properties of the materials accessible for the development of the bank. To wrap things up, a comprehension of the likely disappointment of Earth dams is significant in the plan and development procedure of the Earth dams. Earth dams, additionally called earthen or earth-filled dams are commonly inherent or close to seepage line which has the assortment of purposes including local water supplies, agrarian water system, water for scene improvement and others. One favorable position of the Earth dams is on the grounds that it can adjust to a feeble establishment gave legitimate thought is given to the establishment and plan of the Earth dams. In any case, disappointment of any significant piece of the Earth dams, for example, leakage, basic and establishment will prompt the breakdown of the entire dam. Kinds of Earth Dams Developed as a straightforward homogenous bank of all around compacted earth, earth dams are delegated Homogenous Earth Dams, Zoned Earth Dams and Diaphragm Dams. A concise conversation of the kinds of dams is: Homogenous Earth Dam is a sort of normal earth dams which comprise of two primary segments; the impenetrable to semi-pervious structure and the toe channel and the channel. The motivation behind the channel and the channel is to give a through method to drainage to leave the dam structure without causing disintegration. This sort of dam is typically based on an impenetrable establishment, for example, strong stone or mud. The following sort of Earth dam is Diaphragm Dam. A stomach dam, can be utilized when there is no impenetrable layer beneath the dam and alteration of the dam can be made to suit at an impenetrable layer. Plus, this kind of dam is restricted to a stature of 8.0m so as to keep drainage powers at a sheltered level. Last kind of Earth Dam is Zoned Dam. A Zoned Dam is known to be the most proficient utilization of soil as every material is utilized to its most noteworthy potential. The slant security shields the shoulder from disintegration and wave activity, the center holds the water and the shoulders balance out the center. In conclusion, figure 1 shows the 3 kinds of earth dams. Figure 1. Cross area of Homogenous Earth dam, Zoned earth Dam and Diaphragm Dams 2. Plan OF EARTH DAM Earth dam is worked to store water and is made of compacted earth. It is normally increasingly advantageous when cement is costly and lumber is scant. 2.1 Foundation A site examination ought to be led before development in order to explore the idea of the establishment. By realizing the real establishment condition at site, the earth dam would then be able to be structured by it. A dam establishment is supposed to be sufficient in the event that it is fit for offering a steady help for the dike under all state of immersion and stacking and that it give enough protection from drainage to keep away from over the top loss of water (Bureau of recovery 1987). As indicated by Bureau of recovery (1987), dam establishment can be commonly characterized into three kinds to be specific establishments of rock, establishments of coarse-grained material and establishment of fine-grained material. These establishments may should be blessed to receive balance out any shortcoming just as to decrease drainage. For example, coarse-grained, pervious establishments present no challenges in the matter of settlement or security while a fine-grained, powerless establishment is dependent upon settlement or relocation typically present no issue in drainage. Rock establishment then again should be checked for erosive spillage and over the top inspire pressure. On the off chance that such conditions exist, grouting to the establishment must be thought of. 2.2 Soil Earth dam is normally worked with dirt, sand and rock and subsequently is otherwise called earth fill dam. The sort of soil utilized in the development of an earth dam must be appropriate to take into consideration ideal compaction also to decrease leakage. Soil porousness is one of significant models to be considered in dam plan, leakage control units, waste and other auxiliary components (Goldin, AL Rasskazov, LN 1992). Leakage as a rule happens in fine-grained soils such, with more prominent penetrability, just as in some coarse-grained soils (Goldin, AL Rasskazov, LN 1992). Higher frictional opposition and more prominent porousness in granular soils is the purpose behind its more prominent steadiness when contrasted with durable soils. More prominent penetrability grants fast dispersal of pore water pressures coming about because of compressive powers. 2.3 Embankment In deciding the stature of the dike, it is important to dispense for a settlement between 5 to 10 percent. This is to forestall its stature turning out to be lower than the spillway tallness (Figure 1) since settlement is unavoidable in spite of having a decent compaction since air and water out are being constrained out of the voids by the heaviness of the dam, thus causing combination (Shaw, R Smout, I 2009). During compaction, equivalent exertion ought to be applied all through the dam to forestall differential settlement. The base compaction exertion ought not be under 95% of the Standard Maximum Dry Density (Department of Primary Industries and Water 2008). The security of the bank relies to a great extent upon its capacity to oppose shear pressure which originates from inside applied loads, for example, the heaviness of the dirt and the dike slants, and remotely applied loads, for example, repository and seismic tremor loads. As referenced before, more extreme slants can be received for granular soils since they are progressively steady. Interestingly, a gentler incline should be applied for homogenous material with low porousness. Figure 1. Cross area of an earth dam 2.4 Spillway Spillway assumes a significant job in earth dam since it permits unreasonable water to stream without overtopping the dam divider. There are two kinds of spillway in particular the cut spillway (Figure 2) and regular spillway. Figure 2. The situation of a cut spillway So as to lessen water speed and hence limit disintegration, a delicate slant for the spillway must be given. In any case, for steep slant, free stones or geotextile can be given to diminish disintegration. Aside from that, satisfactory limit of the spillway must be given to forestall overtopping and to empower the spillway to successfully deal with run-off. 3. Development ON EARTH DAMS Stripping Natural soil and vegetation must be expelled from the region that will secured by the dam base. The evacuated natural soil are amassed and utilized on the downstream slant of the fill. Key channel Key channel which is otherwise called cutoff channel is uncovered underneath the base of the fill to at least three feet deep for dam with 10 to 12 feet stature. The key channel is remembered for the dam configuration to tie down the dam to the base material and to forestall drainage under the fill. Redirection burrow Redirection channels are uncovered before the dam can be developed. This passage frequently fixed with concrete. The passage is worked around the dam development region at one side of the valley. In the drill openings, unstable materials are set and impacting will happens. The dirt or broken stone is then expelled. The means are rehashed until the passage is finished. Figure : Building a redirection channel In Figure, after the dam development is finished, the redirection channel is shut o permit the lake to start filling. Figure : Closure of redirection burrow Cofferdam In summer, the development on redirecting the stream begins when the waterway levels are low. At the upstream of the upstream of the primary dam development region, little dam which is likewise called as cofferdam are assembled. It is fabricated utilizing earth-moving gear. The cofferdam will goes about as a boundary to the waterway and the water will stream to the redirection burrows. The subsequent cofferdam will be manufactured downstream of the principle dam development territory. At this territory, the cofferdam will forestall the stream to stream over into the development zone. Figure : Cofferdams go about as obstructions to the waterway Establishment Grouting Grouting comprises of lines or a line of gaps that are penetrated into the dam establishment. The kinds of establishment grouting are window ornament and combination grouting. Drapery grouting Drapery grouting comprises of a solitary column of gout openings that are penetrated and grouted in grouping by packer testing to the base of the porous stone or to a profundity that adequate water driven angles are accomplished (Fell et al 2005). In light of Figure, essential openings are penetrated first. The last opening dividing will regularly be 1.5m or 4m, yet in addition might be as close as 0.5m (Fell et al 2005). This methodology permits authority over the effectiveness of the shade grouting. Figure : Curtain and solidification grouting (Fell et al, 2005) Figure :Grouting downstage with packer (WRC, 1981) Fill development Earth dam is typically built from impenetrable material which is mud or mud based material. The development materials, taken from the encompassing zone must be set and compacted on a level plane in the fill. Dry soil are normally included with dampness and compaction gear, for example, a sheepsfoot packer used to get the best possible compaction. The development began by filling the cutoff channel with very much compacted material and six inch layers is included until the most extreme tallness is gotten. The highest point of the dam at the focal point of the draw is typically assembled 10 percent higher than the structure to permit settlement of the fill. In light of Figure, a riparian channel is set through the base of the fill and an ice free valve is set on the riparian funnel. This channel and valve framework work is to permit water to be discharged downstream to other water storerooms during water deficiencies. Figure : Elevation perspective on dam 4. Expected FAILURES OF EARTH DAMS Potential disappointments o Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1047845412938070209.post-17575720829553897972020-08-22T08:28:00.001-07:002020-08-22T08:28:08.682-07:00The Toyota Production and Marketing Plan AssignmentThe Toyota Production and Marketing Plan - Assignment Example An organizationââ¬â¢s interior showcasing and a creation work influences for all intents and purposes every hierarchical action. The engine vehicle industry in the United States of America is one of the principle supporters of the countryââ¬â¢s financial achievement, making more than 600,000 employments for every year. One of the all around known engine vehicle makers in the nation is Toyota Company. The organization has established an efficient and overseen arrange that changes isolated parts and crude materials into completely working vehicles. The system involves the distinguishing proof and financing of crude materials, advancement exercises, the executives and appropriation of the completed items to the end clients (Toyotaââ¬â¢s U.S, 2011). The Toyota Company likewise works connected at the hip with different firms that have the matter of delivering engine vehicle parts, deals, and last vehicle get together. Alluding to the International Trade Commission, in the creatio n of Toyota vehicles, the United States Toyota organization imports engine vehicle parts worth over $ 77 million every year. In any case, the sum is anticipated to increment inside the coming years. Tires and brakes is a portion of the exceptionally imported vehicle parts by the organization in the creation of a completely practical Toyota vehicle. ... Japan is right now the main exporter of drive train parts into the Toyota Company. Mexico then again has commanded the flexibly of Toyota vehicle inside segments including seats parts and wiring saddles. Mexicoââ¬â¢s supplies into the organization are favored because of its touchy work costs. To require proficient and convenient creation and promoting of Toyota vehicles in the worldwide market, the United States of America Toyota organization has made an especially profitable Just-In-Time technique. The system targets guaranteeing that, crude materials and other fundamental segments are conveyed to the organization in a split second and at the correct time. This has decreased immensely time wastage in the creation procedure. It is likewise noteworthy to take note of that, the greater part of the vehicles made by the organization are once in a while not implied for the worldwide market. Furthermore, to be pertinent and serious in the worldwide market, Toyota Company has additionall y settled assembling plants in a portion of its major local and worldwide markets. At first, the United States of Americaââ¬â¢s Toyota essential market was in Europe and the United States of America. In any case, the organization has in the ongoing past extended its business sectors into different nations including South Korea, China, and in Africa, driving it to open assembling plants to the distinguished nations. The nonattendance of industry-wide guidelines has constrained the Toyota Company to have an overall customization of Toyota vehicles in worldwide market. In these cases, the organization gives its clients the decision to determine a specific vehicle model. The customization is much of the time done either through online administrations Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1047845412938070209.post-30996148908688297862020-08-20T14:38:00.001-07:002020-08-20T14:38:03.620-07:00Plastic Surgery ExamplePlastic Surgery Example Plastic Surgery â" Essay Example > IntroductionThe economic growth of plastic surgery has been tremendous. Most of the women in Dubai take these procedures to please their husbands. Women between 20 to 65 years are the most common group. On the other hand, men in UAE commonly seek liposuction and other forms of weight reduction. Many people go for surgical makeover to seek for a nose job that would fit the image of an ideal Arab, âlong noseâ. Recent researches indicate that plastic surgery has been overwhelmingly accepted by many people in the Gulf region and mostly by the youth. It is unknown whether, such growth will continue for the next ten years and what impact of these procedures to the society. In reference to Aniza et al. (2009) some of the hottest topics include advancements in this field and advanced technologies that have been introduced to improve plastic surgery services in contemporary society. Cheap cosmetic surgery has led to cosmetic tourism in the UAE, with many of the cosmetic tourist coming from Europe and North Africa. The research we are about to take looks at the future needs and the demands of the plastic surgery clients/ patients and factors that influence the practice. In keeping with ASPS esthetic surgery is solely performed to improve the external appearance and is a subspecialty in plastic surgery in its entirety. Rohrich et al. (2010), argues that cosmetic, plastic and reconstructive surgeries all have a psychological dimension. Many people place a lot of importance on physical appearance; it can affect an individual emotional state substantially (Rohrich et al. , 2010). Rohrich et al. (2010), argue that it is no longer problematic to have to have a soft skin, have the breasts one wants, to have extra fat extracted from body parts and to have other body parts augmented or improved. The physical and psychological effects are truly astonishing with numerous people confessing how the process has improved their lives. Plastic surgery restores peopleâs confide nce and creates a brand new self image. Advances in current aesthetic medicine have created a better way of solving peopleâs problem that interferes with their self-esteem and confidence. In contemporary society, plastic surgeons carry out treatments that are incredibly safe and capable giving results that are natural-looking and dramatic. Some of the motivations issues behind the research are the role that has been played by the media to commercialize plastic surgery. In the society today plastic surgery has been associated with style and fashion; this research will analyze how this hype will keep the rate plastic surgery increasing and what other facts determine the increase of the practice in the contemporary society. Usually, plastic surgery involves several different procedures that involve skin. Plastic surgery is in most cases performed either to correct physical abnormality or to enhance a normal physical feature to improve appearance. In an extreme broad field, plastic surgery may also offer reconstructive surgery for patients after burnâs scars and other physical trauma. In some cases plastic surgery may be used to smooth out wrinkles, reshape nose or even to enlarge breasts. The growth of cosmetic surgery tourism comes as an effect of a broad assortment of motivators. Progressively, developing countries are continuously capitalizing on these flows and linking Medicare with tourism activities. Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1047845412938070209.post-37394508521038943002020-05-24T13:46:00.001-07:002020-05-24T13:46:03.097-07:00Civil Disobedience is The Cause of Protests - Free Essay Example Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 540 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/05/05 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Civil Disobedience Essay Did you like this example? Civil disobedience has been the cause for a large number of protests around the world. It is defined an individuals rights to freedom of speech and is done in a peaceful way. Civil disobedience is important in a democratic country because it allows individuals to exercise their rights and speck against the unfair and unjust government and its laws. Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Civil Disobedience is The Cause of Protests" essay for you Create order Even though the citizens are given their rights, they could be put in jail, could get hurt or even killed for protesting against these laws. It allowed Americans to speak against the Britain and their unjust laws, rules and even against their own government. Gandhi and Thoreau believed that there would be no government without the people it govern, That government is best when it govern least. The government was for the protection of the citizens rights and their opportunities, but instead the government was hurting the people. In these cases the citizens used non violent protest against the laws they thought was unjust and were able to succeed. Henry David Thoreau refused to pay taxes that would fund the American Mexican war, which he was thrown in jail for. He preferred going to prison to get his voice heard without using any violence. Thoreau wanted there to be an end to slavery, the end of the wars in Mexico and an end to unnecessary taxes. Gandhi highly influenced by Thoreau ,was thrown in prison many times because he was willing to not obey the laws to help raise awareness to the people who didnt know what was going on. Even though he was in prison during the Salt march that didnt stop the people from marching on. He didnt give up on what he believed and because of that his non violent march helped India gain freedom from the British. Another man that helped make a b ig impact on the world today by using civil disobedience is Martin Luther King, he used his civil disobedience strategy to also protest against government laws he thought were unjust. This took a large amount of people who were willing to putter life the line so that the laws could be fair. Gandhis ideas influenced King to fight for civil rights peacefully. King was arrested and thrown into jail where he wrote his Letter from Birmingham jail to a clergyman. The purpose of the letter was to address the people who criticized him about what he was doing when he was only doing what was wrong and he let the people who were against what he was doing know that what they are doing and how they were treating the blacks wasnt right. He continued to fight for the rights for blacks. Freedom must be demanded by the oppressed ( MLK). He wanted the protesters to know that if they wanted to gain their freedom and have the same rights everyone else have they have to come together peacefully and let the world know what is going on.These men used civil disobedience to help change unfair laws and to raise awareness about a particular situation. It wasnt used for personal gain, and th eir intentions were to remain peaceful and because they used it for all the right reasons the citizens won their civil rights. Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1047845412938070209.post-85797134886143827952020-05-13T19:50:00.001-07:002020-05-13T19:50:02.864-07:00Psy 430 Social Influence And Persuasion Braylin Smith Essay PSY 430: Social Influence and Persuasion Braylin Smith Dr. Dufour 1. Full Reference (in APA style): Burger, J. M. (1987). Desire for control and conformity to a perceived norm.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 53(2), 355-360 2. General Topic: The research and experiments done in this study were about the ââ¬Å"role of individual differences in the general desire for control in conformity situationsâ⬠. The results from all of the three experiments were interpreted as a model for the motivational part of the desire-for-control construct (Desire for control is a need to have dominance over social situations to minimize the extent of power others have.) 3. Hypothesis: The hypothesis was that people who normally have a high desire to control situations in their lives are less likely to conform to the group norm in certain types of situations than those who have a low desire for control. 4. Method: Participants/Subjects of experiment one: Seventy-one male and female undergraduates. .A11 had taken psychological tests approximately 2 weeks earlier. Procedure of experiment one: The subjects participated in a testing session where they were administered several tests which included an attitude survey, which had two items wondering about college athletics policy. Students marked on 11-point scales how much or less they thought the college athletes should have to meet academic requirements and the extent Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1047845412938070209.post-18506583130061028082020-05-06T14:13:00.001-07:002020-05-06T14:13:41.460-07:00Gender inequalities in employment Free Essays string(97) " literally restricted in their chances to work farther due to their domestic and emotional duty\." Introduction In this essay I shall discourse the advancement of the European Union ââ¬Ës effort to level gender inequality in employment. In add-on to this, I shall analyze current EU statute law, policy issues, societal and economic challenges faced by both work forces and adult females. Finally, I shall so notice on EU solutions and farther developments that can assist relieve the spread in inequalities in employment. We will write a custom essay sample on Gender inequalities in employment or any similar topic only for you Order Now The European Union is besides referred to as the European Economic Community ( EEC ) it is a brotherhood consisting of 27 member provinces ; the EU was created by theTreaty of Maastrichton 1st November 1993 upon the foundations of theEuropean Economic Community ( cited in Wikipedia ) this brotherhood is merged together to better the economical, political and societal coherence amongst people who reside in these states. After the second World War, many adult females were required to carry through the infinites of work forces, who had lost their lives in conflict or were unable to work and therefore there was a ââ¬Ëgap ââ¬Ë in the labour force. Womans were hence recruited and therefore introduced in to employment to beef up and keep the delicate economic system at the clip. However, on contrary to popular belief adult females continued to work even after the economic state of affairs improved, the Suffragettes motion was highly noteworthy in adult females contending for acknowledgment. From the get downing adult females were treated below the belt in respects to hapless wage, nevertheless some were happy to hold some economic independency from work forces and therefore accepted take downing occupations. ( Cited in Euro civilization maestro ) Cockburn ( 1991 ) remarks that the relationship between capitalist economy and labor is shared between foremans and work forces, and therefore neglects the gender relationships of work and place. Much of the theory sing adult females and employment is mostly based on patriarchal theories. Duncombe and Marsden ( 1995 ) argue that adult females are subjected to ââ¬Ëtriple displacements ââ¬Ë this involves paid labor, domestic labor and emotional labor. The emotional labor refers to the attention and heed of the household unit, i.e. the societal function of the adult female being a married woman and a female parent towards the kids and hubby. Due to such challenges the impression of protective statute law was introduced. ( Cited in Sociology: An synergistic attack p189 ) Much pacts and directive were introduced in to some EU states in effort to level gender inequality. The EEC established the rule of ââ¬Ëfair wage ââ¬Ë for work forces and adult females in Article 119 of the Treaty of Rome in 1957. However this was highly complicated to pattern in all members of provinces. This was merely due to the impression of ââ¬Å" equal wage for equal work â⬠but it was really rare that both sexes performed the same type of work. It was besides noted that typically male occupations were much better paid so female occupations. Hence, it was evident that the socially bing norm of male ââ¬Ëpower ââ¬Ë was more of import than female qualities. In 1975 the EU introduced directives to farther empower adult females in the field of employment ; the council directive of 75/117/EEC farther supported the pact of Rome on equal wage. Since 1975 there have been many cardinal directives in helping adult females ââ¬Ës function in employment, some of the directives have focused on equal intervention of adult females in respects of publicity, societal security, during gestation, and sex favoritism. ( Cited in Women Lobby ) During the 1990s the EU began to recognize the significance of gender equality and how it impacted the employment sector. In 1997 the EU introduced the European Employment Strategy ( EES ) which recognized equal chances amongst work forces and adult females. The pact of Amsterdam was besides introduced in 1997 this pact was combination of past directives and farther introduced positive action to battle equal wage and favoritism amongst work forces and adult females in employment. ( Cited in Union History ) .However, there were unfavorable judgments of these policies which merely ensured that more adult females were in work and did non concentrate on the quality of the occupations they were in. This position is farther supported in the undermentioned citation: ââ¬Å" In pattern, more attending has been paid to raising the female employment rate than to bring forthing the better occupations for adult females that are indispensable for contracting the gender wage spread â⬠( in Union History ) Sadly the EU has failed to to the full implement gender equality in employment, since it still persists despite the debut of the above directives and pacts. The EU has hence proposed six cardinal aims within the Road map for gender equality ( 2006-2010 ) . These include equal economic independency for work forces and adult females, rapprochement of private and professional life, equal representation in determination devising ; the obliteration of all signifiers of gender based force, the riddance of gender based stereotypes, and eventually the publicity of gender equality in external and development policies. ( cited in Commission of the European Communities Report 2006 ) The inequality of gender spreads is the first cardinal aim of carry throughing EU ends in employment and societal coherence. The demand for increased engagement of adult females in the labour market provides a pronounced part to economic development and in bend ââ¬Ëeconomic independency for adult females ââ¬Ë . Harmonizing to the above article, adult females still face more hazard of poorness due to being over represented in the secondary labor market. Harmonizing to Barren and Norris ( 1976 ) adult females are employed in unstable employment that is based on short term contracts, lower wage and entail unskilled work with fewer chances, they are hence more likely to be made excess and therefore suffer from a diminution in the labor market. ( in Jorgensen et al,1997 pg p192 ) .In Addition Bruegal ( 1976 ) remarks from a Marxist womenââ¬â¢s rightist position, states that such workers are used to maintain costs at minimal by replacing more extremely skilled and demanding workers i.e. work forces. ( Cited Jorgensen et al,1997 pg p129 ) Womans are hence literally restricted in their chances to work farther due to their domestic and emotional duty. You read "Gender inequalities in employment" in category "Essay examples" In add-on, adult females enterprisers are faced with more troubles so male opposite numbers in constructing up their ain concern, in effort to level the structural inequalities and favoritism the EU has recommended the Entrepreneurship Action Plan to assist back up adult females in developing such undertakings. Womans who besides belong to cultural minority groups suffer from twice every bit much favoritism and challenge ââ¬Ës, in order to contend such multiple favoritism the EU has proposed the Framework for the Integration of Third Country Nationals. This model provides the publicity of migration and integrating policies in order to vouch adult females ââ¬Ës rights and civil engagement. In making so, adult females from all backgrounds, can utilize their full economic potency and have the equa l chance to instruction and prosperity. ( Cited in Commission of the European Communities Report 2006 ) The 2nd cardinal aim of the EU is of the rapprochement of private and professional life for both work forces and adult females. Harmonizing to the ( Commission of the European Communities Report 2007 ) adult females face more challenges than work forces when it comes to managing work and private life, accordingly this affects their calling picks. Statisticss suggest that more adult females than work forces work on portion clip footing and therefore take more calling interruptions than work forces, which clearly has a harmful impact on their callings. Besides, adult females are more subjected than work forces, to take on domestic and emotional labor in add-on to taking parental leave and looking after kids and other dependent household members. The 2007 EU Commission study concludes that due to the deficiency of accessible and low-cost child care, adult females face more inequality in employment. The overall consequence of this is that adult females are placed in unstable occupations with lower wage, which makes them more vulnerable to the larger hazard of poorness. The affair is made worse for individual parent households who have dependants. On the other manus, harmonizing to the Lisbon pact, adult females ââ¬Ës employment in the EU is near to run intoing its end of 60 % by 2010. ( cited in Commission of the European Communities Report 2009, pg5 ) However, it is clear that a batch more demands to be done to carry through satisfactory degrees of child care commissariats ( harmonizing to the Barcelona aims ) in order for both parents to unite work and private life. The European Union has besides reflected farther support targeted at bettering equal chances, for case the European Social Fund ( ESF ) which caters for adult females undertakings in respects to vocational preparation in confederation with the NOW community Initiative. ( cited in europrofem ) The EU has besides established enterprises in 2008 to back up better work life balance by doing amendments to directive 92/85/EEC on pregnancy protection. The alterations introduce altering the minimal pregnancy leave from 14 to 18weeks without the loss of gaining. ( cit ed in Commission of the European Communities Report 2009, pg 6 ) Furthermore, this thought has besides been developed in respects to ââ¬Ëfamily related leave ââ¬Ë in respects to household policies and work life rapprochement issues for work forces. For case, statute law on improved leave agreements for male parents is already incorporated in states such as Sweden, Germany, Greece, Lithuania and Spain. The 3rd EU key aim in the roadmap proposes the demand for the equal representation of adult females in determination devising stations. The unequal division of domestic labor and caring duties has clearly been a barrier in the promotion of adult females in employment, there has hence been a demand to amend and make policies to promote adult females ââ¬Ës engagement in the labor market. The Commission of the European Communities Report 2007 noted that adult females predominated occupations were undervalued in comparing to male opposite numbers. Findingss suggested that such occupations had lower rates of wage. For case about 40 % of adult females were employed in the wellness, instruction and public disposal sector in comparing to merely 20 % of work forces. ( pg 3 ) . In defense mechanism of this statement, work forces besides face favoritism in accessing non traditional employment. For case the impression of a male carer or nurse is seen with disgusts or cautiousness due to gende r stereotypes formed by society harmonizing to Acker ( 1989 ) ( cited in Theory and Practice of nursing: an incorporate attack to caring patterns By Lynn Basford, Oliver Slevin ) . This suggested a ââ¬Ësegregation of the labour market ââ¬Ë which was being reinforced by traditional and societal stereotypes which farther influenced people in to gender functions. The EU has since implemented a: ââ¬Å" ..network to advance adult females in economic and political decision-making places which was launched in 2008 to supply a platform for exchange of good patterns between bing webs at EU degree â⬠( Commission of the European Communities Report 2009, pg 6 ) In effort to level the inequality of gender in employment the 4th EU key aim is in respects to the obliteration of gender based force. The EU has established the Daphne programme which supports adult females and kids who have suffered as a consequence of domestic maltreatment. ( cited in europrofem ) The committee has besides encouraged the criminalization of trafficking adult females and kids through development. The EU proposes under new directives to reintegrate such vulnerable groups in to the labor market. It besides proposes the support of member provinces to promote consciousness raising runs, support webs both for the culprits of force and the victims of maltreatment. The 5th EU key aim as described in the roadmap is the impression of gender based stereotypes. At present there is still a major job in respects to inequality in employment. The EUC has identified a gender wage spread has one of the major concern for the European committee harmonizing to The Road Map for Gender Equality 2006-2010. In order to better the present quandary, there have been many legislative and non legislative developments to battle the challenges of favoritism and promote gender equality in employment. Furthermore, despite the antecedently mentioned intercessions above, there still persists a major gender ââ¬Ëpay spread ââ¬Ë which reflects on the overall factors of inequalities and therefore favoritism in employment. On mean adult females were gaining on mean 15 % less than work forces in the European Union in 2005. ( Cited in Commission of the European Communities Report 2007, pg 2 ) It was found that the gender wage spread still exists due to direct and indirect favoritism factors. It can besides be attributed to societal and economic factors. In respects to leveling gender stereotypes the EU recommend ââ¬Ëgender mainstreaming ââ¬Ë and promote ESF, ICT programmes in instruction and civilization programmes in schools through media tools. In respects to the 6th and concluding key aim illustrated in the roadmap for equality in employment, the EU has proposed the development and amendment of policies widening to external neighbouring states. The EU adheres to recognize values of the Millennium Development Declaration and the Beijing Platform for Action ( BPfA ) . The recent EU scheme for Africa is besides committed to promoting gender equality in external states. The EU commits to advancing the demand for instruction and freedom of chance and wellness and safety. Above all, it welcomes the engagement of all adult females in the domain of economic and political life in determination devising. Four precedence countries have been identified by the Commission these include, that preexistent legal model is to the full applied and utilized whilst placing countries for betterment. The active engagement of all parties is besides to be promoted in all Members of State. In add-on to this, the European Strategy for Growth and Jobs should be applied in full to all employers. Above all the impression of good pattern at all degrees is to be stressed to get the better of traditional stereotypes and prejudiced patterns. The European Pact for Gender Equality 2006 stresses the importance of the committednesss of the Member of provinces to take critical action in this country. Furthermore, several members of provinces have reunited to take outstanding action sing the labor market, instruction, preparation, and the balance of work and private life. Unfortunately there has been small advancement in respects to committednesss from the other member of provinces to take action turn toing this issue harmonizing to the Commissions one-year study on growing and occupations 2006. ( cited in Commission of the European Communities Report 2007, pg 8 ) In defense mechanism of the above the Commission in 2007 vowed to better the quality of statistics used in respects to the gender wage spread, in add-on they have besides promised to promote all member of provinces to put cardinal marks and bounds for cut downing the wage spread between adult male and adult females on the footing of informations and findings gathered by the one-year studies issued. The Commission is besides in advancement of puting up action programmes on equal chances for its ain staff, it is evident that within public disposal there is a major wage spread which is straight influenced by the presence of occupational segregation and the little presence of adult females in determination devising stations. Despite the overpowering grounds that an increased sum of adult females are going more extremely qualified, there is still a relentless fact they are still outnumbered by work forces in higher places of hierarchy and importance, both in political relations and concer n. ( cited in Commission of the European Communities Report 2009, pg 5 ) Harmonizing to the European Alliance on Corporate Social Responsibility ( CSR ) the impression of equality besides poses as a ââ¬Ëcompetitive advantage ââ¬Ë as it utilises the staff ââ¬Ës full productive potency. It encourages inducements to back up good pattern to undertake the inequalities in the wage. Presently the Commission already promotes good pattern by raising consciousness through the PROGRESS programme. ( cited in Commission of the European Communities Report 2007, pg 9 ) In add-on to the above, the Commission besides proposes to present gender equality policies, to eliminate structural inequalities within the workplace in respects to bettering the profile of businesss which are paid less. For case, the Framework of actions on gender equality 2007, proposes awareness-raising and preparation steps in add-on to the growing of pay comparing tools and schemes to diminish the wage spread. ( cited in Commission of the European Communities Report 2007, pg10 ) Decision To reason this assignment the impression of ââ¬Ëequality ââ¬Ë is built-in to the values of the European Union. Despite the European Union doing important advancement over clip, in respects to developing directives, pacts and statute law. In add-on to, the EU has reinforced gender mainstreaming via preparation and capacity edifice for those involved in policy devising. Statisticss indicate that gender inequality still persists in employment. The European Union have a long manner in carry throughing cardinal marks in leveling gender inequality. In my personal sentiment the EU key aims need to be more crystalline to the populace in footings of puting realistic marks to beef up gender mainstreaming across all member provinces in order to accomplish alteration. Mentions: Commission of the European Communities Report 2006 Communication from the Commission to the Council, the European Parliament, The European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions ( 2006 ) , A Roadmap for equality between adult females and work forces 2006-2010, Brussels, ( Online ) Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do? uri=COM:2006:0092: Five: En: PDF ( Accessed 20/11/2009 ) Commission of the European Communities Report 2007 Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, , The European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions ( 2007 ) . Undertaking the wage spread between adult females and work forces, Brussels, ( Online ) hypertext transfer protocol: //www.retepariopportunita.it/Rete_Pari_Opportunita/UserFiles/news/com_pay_gap_.pdf ( Accessed 21/11/2009 ) Commission of the European Communities Report 2009 Report from the Commission to the Council, the European Parliament, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Brussels, ( 2009 ) Equality between adult females and men-2009 Brussels, ( Online ) hypertext transfer protocol: //eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do? uri=COM:2009:0077: Five: En: PDF ( Accessed 21/11/2009 ) European Union hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Union ( Accessed 10/11/2009 ) Euro civilization maestro hypertext transfer protocol: //www.euroculturemaster.org/pdf/kunstova.pdf ( Accessed 12/11/2009 ) Europrofem hypertext transfer protocol: //www.europrofem.org/contri/2_04_en/en-gend/08en_gen.htm ( accessed 23/11/2009 ) Jorgensen, N. , Bird, J. , Heyhoe, A. , Russell, B. , Savvas, M. , ( 1997 ) .Sociology: An Synergistic Approach, Collins Educational Union History hypertext transfer protocol: //www.unionhistory.info/equalpay/roaddisplay.php? irn=785 ( Accessed 15/11/2009 ) Womans Lobby hypertext transfer protocol: //www.womenlobby.org/site/1abstract.asp? DocID=184 A ; v1ID= A ; RevID= A ; namePage= A ; pageParent= A ; DocID_sousmenu ( Accessyoutubeed 14/11/2009 ) hypertext transfer protocol: //books.google.co.uk/books? id=WCSunMx7EJ8C A ; pg=RA1-PA392 amp ; lpg=RA1-PA392 amp ; dq=theory-male+nurses+gender+equality A ; source=bl A ; ots=Bqru6biKWy A ; sig=PY0uthcQiq3VFmaaivgF6YEpLPQ A ; hl=en A ; ei=wnsdS46lJJeZjAfU_f2PBA A ; sa=X A ; oi=book_result A ; ct=result A ; resnum=2 A ; ved=0CAsQ6AEwAQ # v=onepage A ; q= A ; f=false How to cite Gender inequalities in employment, Essay examples Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1047845412938070209.post-61831560576559964622020-05-05T14:56:00.001-07:002020-05-05T14:56:03.485-07:00Epic Theatres Essay Research Paper Epic Theatres free essay sample Epic Theatres Essay, Research Paper Epic Theaters # 8220 ; Epic Theatre turns the witness into an perceiver, but arouses his capacity for action, forces him to take determinations # 8230 ; the witness stands outside, studies. # 8221 ; ( Bertolt Brecht. Brecht on Theatre. New York: Hill A ; Yang, 1964. p37 ) The construct of? heroic poem theater? was brought to life by German dramatist, Bertolt Brecht. This way of theater was inspired by Brecht # 8217 ; s Marxist political beliefs. It was slightly of a political platform for his political orientations. Epic poem theater is the assimilation of instruction through amusement and is the antithesis of Stanislavsky # 8217 ; s Realism and besides Expressionism. Brecht believed that, unlike heroic poem theater, Expressionism and Realism were incapable of exposing human nature and so had no educational value. He conjectured that his signifier of theater was capable of arousing a alteration in society. Brecht # 8217 ; s purpose was to promote the audience to chew over, with critical withdrawal, the moral quandary presented before them. We will write a custom essay sample on Epic Theatres Essay Research Paper Epic Theatres or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In order to analyze and measure the action happening on phase, Brecht believed that the audience must non let itself to go emotionally involved in the narrative. Rather they should, through a series of anti-illusive devices, feel alienated from it. The consequence of this calculated exclusion makes it hard for the audience to sympathize with the characters and their quandary. Therefore, they could analyze the drama # 8217 ; s societal or political message and non the existent events being performed on phase. This procedure is called Verfremdungseffekt, or the disaffection consequence, where alternatively of placing with the characters, the audience is reminded that they are watching merely a portraiture of world. Several well-known Brechtian dramas include Drums in the Night, Edward 2, The Threepenny Opera, Rise and Fall of the Town of Mahoganny, The Life of Galileo, The Good Person of Szechwan, Triple-A Plowed Under, One-Third of a State, Mother Courage and her kids and the Caucasic Chalk Circle. A drama whose dramatic construction and didactic intents epitomises heroic theater is The Caucasic Chalk Circle ( CCC ) . The prologue of this drama transpires in a Caucasic small town of the Soviet Union, where the people of this small town are being presented a drama called? The Chalk Circle? . This drama is narrated by a? Singer? and embarks on the narrative of a servant miss, Grusha, who rescues the governor # 8217 ; s boy when their metropolis falls under besieging. The boy, Michael, has been left buttocks, without so much as a backward glimpse, by his flying female parent. Grusha flights, with Michael in her weaponries, to the mountains where they live for over a twelvemonth. Along this journey, infinite topographic points and people are encountered, a figure that would merely happen in heroic poem theater. In genuinely heroic manner, the drama so regresses to the beginning of the narrative and introduces a adult male, Azdak. By opportunity this character becomes an amoral and about absurd justice in Grusha and Michael # 8217 ; s former metropolis. The waies of Grusha and Azdak cross when Grusha is summoned to the test that will find who is to hold detention of Michael. His biological female parent or the peasant Grusha who has cared for him the yesteryear old ages? Azdak # 8217 ; s governing consequences from the result of the? Chalk Circle? trial. Grusha is awarded the kid and hence, though the jurisprudence has succumbed, justness has prevailed. It is arguable that Brecht # 8217 ; s message in this was to the Germans, that in order to continue justness they must revolt against Hitler # 8217 ; s jurisprudence. Many constituents of The CCC trade name it to be an heroic play. The Singer narrates what is to happen at the beginning of each scene, so that the audience is familiar with sufficiency of the secret plan in order for them to forbear from going emotionally involved. Ideas that could merely be expressed through monologues are besides executed by the Singer. This individual to boot allows the drama to uninhibitedly change topographic point and clip by merely mentioning several words. The ability of changing the state of affairs and clip is another component of heroic poem theater. The Singer accomplishes the passage from Grusha # 8217 ; s narrative to Azdak # 8217 ; s and this action aids in weakening the audience # 8217 ; s battle with Grusha # 8217 ; s predicament. Brecht has calculated the character of Grusha to be one that the audience does non wish to place with. Her redemption of Michael is non a maternal and baronial act but more of a demoralized surrender. Throughout her on-going battle for endurance she is non? brave # 8217 ; but insidious. However, she does disregard her ain involvements, seting her life in hazard, and is therefore humane. This action could be evaluated as a farther societal directive of Brecht # 8217 ; s, once more aimed at the Germans. It could stand for that they can merely be humane by endeavoring to thwart Hitler, though they would be jeopardizing their lives by making so. The being of a societal message in this drama farther indicates that the CCC is so an illustration of heroic poem theater. When executing an heroic play many Brechtian disaffection techniques can be incorporated. To exemplify these possible techniques, scene 6 of the CCC will be briefly studied and directed. This scene begins with a narrative by the Singer. During this speech the Singer could be completing raising the sets up on phase, showing to the audience that the scenery and props are merely that and non reliable. In Brecht # 8217 ; s clip he frequently used a German theater called the Theater am Schiffbauerdamn where the auditorium was structured in an extravagant manner close to fantasize, while its phase was blunt and mechanical. This contrast reminded the audience that, while they were there to be entertained, they were besides to believe scientifically. Therefore, a theater resembling this layout could be employed. In Brechtian plays great attention is taken to symbolically portray what societal category each character belongs to and so the costumes of Grusha and the governor # 8217 ; s married woman would greatly differ. Soldiers called? Ironshirts? appear in this scene and these characters could talk in mechanical and non-human voices and motions. By making this the Ironshirts would be symbolic of their characters, instead than realistic, and so the audience would once more experience alienated. Another popular Verfremdungseffekt consequence is to deluge the phase with a harsh, white visible radiation. This induces the audience to retrieve that once more they are merely watching a reenactment of world. It would hence be most profitable to use this technique when there is the menace that the audience is going involved. Hence, this device should be implemented at the critical minute of the Chalk Circle trial and before Azdak announces his descision. Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1047845412938070209.post-21615569213039182862020-04-01T21:32:00.001-07:002020-04-01T21:32:03.147-07:00Assumptions in Quantitative Research EssaysAssumptions in Quantitative Research Essays Assumptions in Quantitative Research Paper Assumptions in Quantitative Research Paper Post-positivism allows researchers to examine realities through a variety of measurement tools; thus accessing realities which could elude measurement by direct observation (Giddings Grant, 2007; Schumacher Greener, 1992). Regardless of whether the researcher adopts a positivist or post-positivist philosophy, the description of the paradigms begin with assumptions about the researchers role and relationship to the setting, and by identifying the epistemological and validity assumptions underlying the choice of the role and relationship. The conviction that there is a reality existing outside of the researcher, hat this reality can be observed (ontology), and that knowledge of this reality can be measured objectively (epistemology) are foundational assumptions in quantitative research (Hathaway, 1995). Thus the objects of interest are measured by instruments (e. G. , telescope), the data is examined and analyzed to determine if logical patterns are present, and rational theories are constructed to explain and predict a variety of facts (Hathaway, 1995). Ontologically the researcher assumes that the external reality is comprised of facts that are law-like and provide structure or a theoretical framework to this reality. Physics provides an example of this approach. Methodological and Ontologicalà Assumptions Empirical-analytical inquiry is characterized by the researchers detached or objective view from the setting under study. This objectivity or detachment is, in part, due to the assumption that the object under study is separate from or independent of the researcher (Eisner, 1981; Smith, AAA; Smith, Bibb). In the empirical analytical view, researchers adhere to the mind-reality duality and the mind is seen as separate from reality (Hathaway, 1995). Another way of considering objectivity is that of being hurry neutral (Schumacher Greener, 1992). This is an extreme view and within the contemporary empirical analytical view, researchers would claim that most inquiry is theory laden (Smith, Bibb). However, with objectivity as the goal, the researcher strives to prevent biases throughout the research process and attempts to control the research design for validity, credibility, and reliability (Burns Grove, 1997). While it is impossible to achieve complete objectivity, cultivating an awareness of potential threats and taking measures to decrease threats whenever possible serves to strengthen the research project. It is important to underscore the intertwined nature of the assumption about objectivity and the assumption that a reality exists outside of the observer. The observer, or researcher, assumes that reality exists outside of the human experience (Carroty, 1998; Polite-OHara et al. , 1991). In other words, there are facts with an objective reality separate from the beliefs of the researcher therefore reality exists regardless of the researchers presence (Firestone, 1987). In a contemporary perspective, reality holds a mediated position between the objective and subjective worlds. Reality affects human beings and unman beings effect reality (Schumacher Greener, 1992). Thus unobservable realities exist and can be represented in theoretical concepts. This line of thinking extends teen assumption AT realty Deanna Tanat wanly can De crossover only Dye slung the senses. An example of an unobservable reality would be a belief that depression is a reality. Depression is not an object that we can observe. Rather we can observe phenomena such as actions, behaviors, and consequences that may be associated with depression. Given this phenomenon, theoretical Judgments are made about what constitutes a theoretical reality of depression. The theoretical construct enables the researcher to design a research project on the subject of depression. Linked to the assumption about reality is the assumption that reality consists of facts or truths that can be known (Hathaway, 1995) and these facts provide the researcher with a theoretical framework to help guide the inquiry (Firestone, 1987). The researcher aims to precisely and define categories based on these facts before the study begins and then determines the relationships between them (Firestone, 1987; Smith, Bibb). Hypotheses establishing a relationship between cause and effect are rived from these categories and only the data that is relevant to them are collected and tested. An extreme critique may be that reality is being actively structured by the researchers prosecuted categories and that this methodology is unduly controlled regarding what is relevant to the study. The assumption underlying this point is the deterministic or linear nature of hypothesis testing. Control is inherent in this method of inquiry which is another underlying assumption of quantitative research. Researchers using a more moderate approach within the post positivist paradigm recognize that research is a human endeavor. They derive their a priori categories from personal beliefs or experience, from theoretical formulation, or from their own or others interpretive research (Hathaway, 1995). Because reality is considered to be relatively stable and researchers are able to observe it, a further assumption is that of objective measurement (Polite-OHara et al. , 1991). The purpose of objective measurement is to gain an understanding about the reality of a phenomenon in an objective manner (Giddings Grant, 2007). Thus, in the act of documenting and measuring, the researcher, in the role of a detached onlooker, reserves objectivity (Hathaway, 1995). In other words, it is essential that the measurement tool(s) and process are objective to gain closer proximity to true knowledge of the phenomenon. Measurement is an important assumption in quantitative research and measurement tools, if properly designed and applied, can lead the researcher to greater understanding about the phenomenon. Measurement is the process of assigning numbers to the phenomenon using some type of rule (Burns Grove, 1997). Before assigning numbers there is an assumption that the measurement tool(s) will be accurate in measuring the phenomenon. For example, if a researcher wants to measure pain, a measurement tool such as a pain scale could be used. Alternatively, the researcher could choose to measure opinions about various pain treatments. In order to measure the opinions, the researcher would assign numbers to the most likely responses observed. In constructing the pain treatment opinion tool(s), it is essential that the measurement tool(s) have an appropriate correspondence to the reality of pain treatment opinions (Polite-OHara et al. , 1991). Thus to accurately measure a phenomenon, the measurement tool(s) must be based on a reality and be as objective as possible. The assumptions of reality, objectivity and measurement are interrelated and integral to the ontology and methodology AT quant I t tattle research. I nose assumptions are essential components in the design of quantitative research projects. An example is if the researcher seeks to understand philosophies of childhood, their assumptions about reality, objectivity, and measurement related to this philosophy are embedded in the designing the research project. There is an assumption that a reality about philosophies of childhood exist. Additionally, there are assumptions that philosophies of childhood can be measured and done so objectively. The researcher would consider how to objectively measure philosophies of childhood when developing the research design. If there were no existing tool(s) to measure the reality of philosophies of childhood, it would be necessary to develop a measurement tool(s) which could accurately measure the phenomenon. In developing the tool, the researcher would make objective theoretical Judgments about what variables (e. G. , psychological, biological, etc. ) would signify this phenomenon. In sum, assumptions that the reality (philosophies of childhood) exists, that such realities are measurable, and that the assortment and process of inquiry are as objective as possible are hallmarks in the quantitative approach to research. Epistemological Assumptions Knowledge within the empirical analytical paradigm has utility if it is generalized. The aim of inquiry is to generalize from the particular and apply a theoretical framework that can be applied universally (Hathaway, 1995). Therefore the aim of generalization is served by the development of universal knowledge. A broad example is research on the efficacy of pain medications. Control and experimental groups are observed to determine the effects of a specific drug. If there is justification to believe it alleviates pain the medication is made available for treating the population at large through a regulated process. Knowledge is also defined by what researchers call data and the selection of meaning. The researcher conducting empirical analytical inquiry makes decisions that will reveal what is generally applicable to all similar situations (Firestone, 1987; Smith, AAA; Smith, Bibb). Taking a critical stance, Habeas (1971) claimed that such inquiry implies a dissociation of knowledge from human interest (Habeas, 2005) and questions the it with individual contexts, values, and preferences. Caution must be taken when considering that the context of discovery may be quite different than the context of practice. Separating the universal from the particular is accomplished through several processes (e. G. , instrumentation and precision) and methodological assumptions (e. G. , measurement techniques) (Hathaway, 1995). The researcher, independent of specific situations under study, determines a set of hypothesized categories based on a priori knowledge and conducts a controlled inquiry to give meaning to phenomena that have significance at a generalized level. Data are considered factual or context-free when they have the same meaning across situations and settings (Hathaway, 1995). Conclusion The decisions researchers make concerning research methods have a direct impact on how they make meaning of their world. By adopting quantitative research, reality is structured and understood in a particular way. In some ways, the choice of quantitative approaches creates the reality we are attempting to discover. By making a choice to conduct quantitative inquiry, we choose our paradigm or assumptions auto teen world (Leaner, BIBB; Hathaway, 1 Assumptions Tanat a realty exalts operate from the researcher, that such realities are measurable, and that the measurement and process of inquiry are as objective as possible are hallmarks of quantitative research. References Lender, J. S. (1986). Educational research: A personal and social process. Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1047845412938070209.post-32708875707830217192020-03-08T00:35:00.001-08:002020-03-08T00:35:03.606-08:00Paleolithic Art of the Old Stone AgePaleolithic Art of the Old Stone Age The Paleolithic (literally Old Stone Age) period covered between two and one-half and three million years, depending on which scientist has done the calculations. For art historys purposes, Paleolithic Art refers to the Late Upper Paleolithic period. This began roughly around 40,000 years ago and lasted through the Pleistocene ice age, which ended about 8,000 BCE. This period was marked by the rise of Homo sapiens and their ever-developing ability to create tools and weapons. What the World Was Like There was a lot more ice and the ocean shoreline was far different than it is now. Lower water levels and, in some cases, land bridges (which have long since disappeared) allowed humans to migrate to the Americas and Australia. The ice also made for a cooler climate worldwide and prevented migration to the far north. Humans at this time were strictly hunter-gatherers, meaning they were constantly on the move in search of food. Art of the Time There were only two kinds of art: portable or stationary, and both forms were limited in scope. Portable art during the Upper Paleolithic period was necessarily small (in order to be portable) and consisted of either figurines or decorated objects. These things were carved (from stone, bone, or antler) or modeled with clay. Most of the portable art from this time was figurative, meaning it depicted something recognizable, whether animal or human in form. The figurines are often referred to by the collective name of Venus, as they are unmistakably females of a child-bearing build. Stationary art was just that: It didnt move. The best examples exist in (now famous) cave paintings in western Europe, created during the Paleolithic period. Paints were manufactured from combinations of minerals, ochres, burnt bone meal, and charcoal mixed into mediums of water, blood, animal fats, and tree saps. Experts guess (and its only a guess) that these paintings served some form of ritualistic or magical purpose, as they are located far from the mouths of caves where everyday life took place. Cave paintings contain far more non-figurative art, meaning many elements are symbolic rather than realistic. The clear exception, here, is in the depiction of animals, which are vividly realistic (humans, on the other hand, are either completely absent or stick figures). Key Characteristics It seems a bit flippant to try to characterize the art from a period that encompasses most of human history. Paleolithic art is intricately bound to anthropological and archaeological studies that professionals have devoted entire lives researching and compiling. That said, to make some sweeping generalizations, Paleolithic art: Paleolithic art concerned itself with either food (hunting scenes, animal carvings) or fertility (Venus figurines). Its predominant theme was animals.It is considered to be an attempt, by Stone Age peoples, to gain some sort of control over their environment, whether by magic or ritual.Art from this period represents a giant leap in human cognition: abstract thinking. Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1047845412938070209.post-69633242758125587502020-02-20T16:00:00.001-08:002020-02-20T16:00:03.322-08:00Entrepreneurship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 10Entrepreneurship - Essay Example The video top ten business model pitfall by Ash Maurya seeks to draw the entrepreneursââ¬â¢ focus from the product and its development to thinking of the whole venture as the product. To overcome the pitfalls Maurya proposes that the entrepreneurs must define what success will be and set the measure of success even before they start off. That way they can know whether they are achieving their objectives or not. The entrepreneur needs to know to what extent they wish to grow and whether it will be necessary to expand further or not. This will prevent overexpansion and operation of the business below its potential. The entrepreneur should hence define what success should look like and when they should have achieved the goal. Another mistake identified in the video that entrepreneurs sometimes make is to try to create a product that will meet everyoneââ¬â¢s need. In the end the product may not satisfy anyone. It is, therefore, necessary that the entrepreneur should focus on a specified target market and strive to satisfy their need. In doing so, one should identify the early adopters and seek to satisfy their needs before expanding to serve others with the product. However, the entrepreneur must not be too particular since at the start of the venture, the main idea is not about executing a specific plan but experimenting to come up with a plan that will work. He should therefore not focus too quickly on narrowing down to a specific product or service as he may lose out on a greater opportunity. Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1047845412938070209.post-1614974253177622482020-02-04T22:19:00.001-08:002020-02-04T22:19:03.026-08:00Benfits of online classes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 wordsBenfits of online classes - Essay Example To that effect, the paper will discuss the benefits of acquiring education online. The major benefit of attending online classes is convenience and flexibility (Tomei, 2010). One listens to lectures and completes the assignments at their own schedules. This is helpful for the professionals and working students because they are able to balance their class work, family responsibilities, and personal activities. The classrooms can also be difficult for those students who struggle with concentration. One can also sit comfortably anywhere while attending the online classes. The course materials also available online enhancing the flexibility and convenience. Therefore, the convenience and flexibility of Internet-conducted classes has continued to draw more students. However, flexibility and convenience comes with a high level of discipline and organization. Equally important, learning by use of the Internet has resulted in reduction of learning costs. Most of the online programs are more affordable as compared to the traditional courses. For example, there are no commuting costs, accommodation costs, and most of the course materials are often found online free of charge. Additionally, assorted costs like parking, fuel, and motor vehicle maintenance costs do not impact on the web-based learners (Tomei, 2010). As a result, the learner is able to save money that may be used for expensive workbooks as well as texts. The affordability of attending online classes may result in more people getting access to education, thus increasing the literacy levels. Proceeding further, Tomei (2010) argues that online classes enhance the opportunities to network. The Internet provides a platform where the student can interact with numerous other students across the globe. This gives them the opportunity to discuss their work and make connections with these students regardless of their location. At the same time, Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1047845412938070209.post-74891750340958551132020-01-27T18:43:00.001-08:002020-01-27T18:43:03.067-08:00Introduction To Microsoft Word Computer Science EssayIntroduction To Microsoft Word Computer Science Essay Microsoft Word is a non-free commercial word processor designed by Microsoft. It was first released in 1983 under the name Multi-Tool Word for Xenix systems. Subsequent versions were later written for several other platforms including IBM PCs running DOS (1983), the Apple Macintosh (1984), the ATT Unix PC (1985), Atari ST (1986), and Microsoft Windows (1989). It is a component of the Microsoft Office system; it is also sold as a standalone product and included in Microsoft Works Suite. The current versions are Microsoft Word 2010 for Windows and 2011 for Mac. HISTORY In 1981, Microsoft hired Charles Simonyi, the primary developer of Bravo, the first GUI word processor, which was developed at Xerox PARC. Simonyi started work on a word processor called Multi-Tool Word and soon hired Richard Brodie, a former Xerox intern, who became the primary software engineer. Microsoft announced Multi-Tool Word for Xenix and MS-DOS in 1983. Its name was soon simplified to Microsoft Word. Free demonstration copies of the application were bundled with the November 1983 issue of PC World, making it the first program to be distributed on-disk with a magazine. Unlike most MS-DOS programs at the time, Microsoft Word was designed to be used with a mouse, and it was able to display some formatting, such as bold, italic, and underlined text, although it could not render fonts. It was not initially popular, since its user interface was different from the leading word processor at the time, WordPerfect. However, Microsoft steadily improved the product, releasing versions 2.0 through 5.0 over the next six years. In 1985, Microsoft ported Word to the Macintosh. This was made easier by the fact that Word for DOS has been designed for use with high-resolution displays and laser printers, even though none were yet available to the general public. Following the precedents of LisaWrite and MacWrite, Word for Mac added true features. After its release, Word for Macs sales were higher than its MS-DOS counterpart for at least four years. The second release of Word for Macintosh, shipped in 1987, was named Word 3.0 to synchronize its version number with Word for DOS; this was Microsofts first attempt to synchronize version numbers across platforms. Word 3.0 included numerous internal enhancements and new features, including the first implementation of the Rich Text Format (RTF) specification, but was plagued with bugs. Within a few months Word 3.0 was superseded by a more stable Word 3.01, which was mailed free to all registered users of 3.0. After MacWrite, Word for Mac never had any serious rivals on the Mac. Word 5.1 for the Macintosh, released in 1992, was a very popular word processor owing to its elegance, relative ease of use and feature set. Many users say its the best version of Word for Mac ever created. In 1986, an agreement between Atari and Microsoft brought Word to the Atari ST under the name Microsoft Write. The Atari ST version was a port of Word 1.05 for the Apple Macintosh and was never updated. The first version of Word for Windows was released in 1989. With the release of Windows 3.0 the following year, sales began to pick up and Microsoft soon became the market leader for word processors for IBM PC-compatible computers. In 1991, Microsoft capitalized on Word for Windows increasing popularity by releasing a version of Word for DOS, version 5.5, that replaced its unique user interface with an interface similar to a Windows application. When Microsoft became aware of the Year 2000 problem, it made Microsoft Word 5.5 for DOS available for download free. As of November 2010, it is still available for download from Microsofts web site. In 1991, Microsoft embarked on a project code-named Pyramid to completely rewrite Microsoft Word from the ground up. Both the Windows and Mac versions would start from the same code base. It was abandoned when it was determined that it would take the development team too long to rewrite and then catch up with all the new capabilities that could have been added in the same time without a rewrite. Instead, the next versions of Word for Windows and Mac, dubbed version 6.0, both started from the code base of Word for Windows 2.0. With the release of Word 6.0 in 1993, Microsoft again attempted to synchronize the version numbers and coordinate product naming across platforms, this time across DOS, Macintosh, and Windows (this was the last version of Word for DOS). It introduced AutoCorrect, which automatically fixed certain typing errors, and AutoFormat, which could reformat many parts of a document at once. While the Windows version received favorable reviews the Macintosh version was widely derided. Many accused it of being slow, clumsy and memory intensive, and its user interface differed significantly from Word. In response to user requests, Microsoft was forced to offer Word 5 again, after it had been discontinued. Subsequent versions of Word for Macintosh are no longer ported versions of Word for Windows. MICROSOFT WORD 2007 Word 95 for Windows was the first 32-bit version of the product, released with Office 95 around the same time as Windows 95. It was a straightforward port of Word 6.0 and it introduced few new features, one of them being red-squiggle underlined spell-checking. Starting with Word 95, releases of Word were named after the year of its release, instead of its version number. Word 2010 allows more customization of the Ribbon, adds a Backstage view for file management, has improved document navigation, allows creation and embedding of screenshots, and integrates with world web application. WORD FOR MAC 2008 ICON In 1997, Microsoft formed the Macintosh Business Unit as an independent group within Microsoft focused on writing software for the Mac. Its first version of Word, Word 98, was released with Office 98 Macintosh Edition. Document compatibility reached parity with Word 97, and it included features from Word 97 for Windows, including spell and grammar checking with squiggles. Users could choose the menus and keyboard shortcuts to be similar to either Word 97 for Windows or Word 5 for Mac. Unfortunately, Word on the Mac in this and later releases also became vulnerable to future macro viruses that could compromise Word (and Excel) documents. Word 2001, released in 2000, added a few new features, including the Office Clipboard, which allowed users to copy and paste multiple items. It was the last version to run on classic Mac OS and, on Mac OS X, it could only run within the Classic Environment. Word X, released in 2001, was the first version to run natively on, and required, Mac OS X, and introduced non-contiguous text selection. Word 2004 was released in May 2004. It included a new Notebook Layout view for taking notes either by typing or by voice. Other features, such as tracking changes, were made more similar with Office for Windows. Microsoft released patches through the years to eliminate most known macro vulnerabilities from this version. Word 2008, released on January 15, 2008, included a Ribbon-like feature, called the Elements Gallery, that can be used to select page layouts and insert custom diagrams and images. It also included a new view focused on publishing layout, integrated bibliography management, and native support for the new Office Open XML format. It was the first version to run natively on Intel-based Macs. Word 2011, released in October 2010, replaced the Elements Gallery in favor of a Ribbon user interface that is much more similar to Office for Windows, and includes a full-screen mode that allows users to focus on reading and writing documents, and support for Office Web Application. Microsoft Words native file formats are denoted either by a .doc or .docx file extension. Although the document extension has been used in many different versions of Word, it actually encompasses four distinct file formats: Word for DOS Word for Windows 1 and 2; Word 4 and 5 for Mac Word 6 and Word 95 for Windows; Word 6 for Mac Word 97, 2000, 2002 and 2003 for Windows; Word 98, 2001, X, and 2004 for Mac The newer .docx extension signifies the Office Open XML international standardfor Office documents and is used by Word 2007 for Windows, Word 2008 for the Macintosh, as well as by a growing number of applications from other vendors, including OpenOffice.org Writer, an open source word processing program. Microsoft does not guarantee the correct display of the document on different workstations, even if the two workstations use the same version of Microsoft Word, primarily due to page layout depending on the current printer. This means it is possible the document the recipient sees might not be exactly the same as the document the sender sees. During the late 1990s and early 2000s, the default Word document format became a de facto standard of document file formats for Microsoft Office users. Though usually just referred to as Word Document Format, this term refers primarily to the range of formats used by default in Word version 97-2003. Word document files by using the Word 97-2003 Binary File Format implement Object Linking and Embedding structured storage to manage the structure of their file format. OLE behaves rather like a conventional hard drive file system and is made up of several key components. Each Word document is composed of so-called big blocks which are almost always 512-byte chunks; hence a Word documents file size will in most cases be a multiple of 512. Storages are analogues of the directory on a disk drive, and point to other storages or streams which are similar to files on a disk. The text in a Word document is always contained in the WordDocument stream. The first big block in a Word document, known as the header block, provides important information as to the location of the major data structures in the document. Property storages provide metadata about the storages and streams in a doc file, such as where it begins and its name and so forth. The File information block contains information about where the text in a Word document starts, ends, what version of Word created the document and other attributes. Microsoft has published specifications for the Word 97-2003 Binary File Format. Word 2007 and 2010 continue to support the DOC file format, although it is no longer the default. The XML format introduced in Word 2003 was a simple, XML based format called WordprocessingML. Word 2007 introduced a new XML-based file format called Office Open XML. The version of OOXML that Word 2007 supports is the ECMA-376 standard, published by Ecma International. After the release of Office 2007, underwent another round of standardization under the International Organization for Standardization . The standard, has two variants. A Transitional variant is intended for legacy compatibility and is not supposed to be used to produce new documents. A Strict variant is based on ISOs revisions and improvements to the ECMA standard. Word 2010 supports reading and writing Transitional documents but only reading Strict documents. This caused consternation among members of the ISO Office Open XML subcommittee, who claimed that Microsoft was only paying lip service to the standards process. In response, Microsoft says that the Strict schema will be fully supported no later than Office 15, the next major version after Office 2010. In August 2009, Canadian firm issued Microsoft before the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas for infringing on a software involving custom XML in a document.In December 2009, the judgment of the district court was affirmed by the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. An injunction was issued that bans Microsoft from selling copies of Word with the code that infringes on the patent after January 11, 2010. Several days after the court ruling, Microsoft released a mandatory patch that brings the software into compliance with the courts decision. In November 2010 the US supreme court agreed to hear an appeal by Microsoft. Opening a Word Document file in a version of Word other than the one with which it was created can cause incorrect display of the document. The document formats of the various versions change in subtle and phenomenon to the base standard. Formatting created in newer versions does not always survive when viewed in older versions of the program, nearly always because that capability does not exist in the previous version. Rich Text Format, an early effort to create a format for interchanging formatted text between applications is an optional format for Word, that retains most formatting and all content of the original document. Later, after HTML appeared, Word supported an HTML derivative as an additional full-fidelity roundtrip format similar to RTF, with the additional capability that the file could be viewed in a web browser. In February 2007, Sun released an initial version of its ODF plugin for Microsoft Office.Version 1.0 was released in July 2007.Microsoft Word 2007 supports PDF and XPS formats, but only after manual installation of the Microsoft Word has a built-in spell checker, thesaurus, dictionary, Office Assistant and utilities for transferring, copy, pasting and editing text, such as PureText. WordArt enables drawing text in a Microsoft Word document such as a title, watermark, or other text, with graphical effects such as skewing, shadowing, rotating, stretching in a variety of shapes and colors and even including three-dimensional effects, starting at version 2007, and prevalent in Office 2010. Users can apply formatting effects such as shadow, bevel, glow, and reflection to their document text as easily as applying bold or underline. Users can also spell-check text that uses visual effects, and add text effects to paragraph styles. Like other Microsoft Office documents, Word files can include advanced macros and even embedded programs. The language was originally WordBasic, but changed to Visual Basic for Applications as of Word 97. This extensive functionality can also be used to run and propagate viruses in documents. The tendency for people to exchange Word documents via email, USB flash drives, and floppy disks made this an especially attractive vector in 1999. A prominent example was the Melissa worm, but countless others have existed in the wild. Nearly all anti-virus software can detect and clean common macro viruses.. These macro viruses were the only known cross-platform threats between Windows and Macintosh computers and they were the only infection vectors to affect any system in 2007. Microsoft released patches for Word X and Word 2004 that effectively eliminated the macro problem on the Mac by 2006. Words macro security setting, which regulates when macros may execute, can be adjusted by the user, but in the most recent versions of Word, is set to HIGH by default, generally reducing the risk from macro-based viruses, which have become uncommon The program was unable to handle ligatures defined in TrueType fonts those ligature glyphs with Unicode codepoints may be inserted manually, but are not recognized by Word for what they are, breaking spell checking, while custom ligatures present in the font are not accessible at all. Since Word 2010, the program now has advanced typesetting features which can be enabled: OpenType ligatures, kerning, and hyphenation. Other layout deficiencies of Word include the inability to set crop marks or thin spaces. Various third-party workaround utilities have been developed. Similarly, combining diacritics are handled poorly: Word 2003 has improved support, but many diacritics are still misplaced, even if a precomposed glyph is present in the font. Additionally, as of Word 2002, Word does automatic font substitution when it finds a character in a document that does not exist in the font specified. It is impossible to deactivate this, making it very difficult to spot when a glyph used is missing from the font in use. If Mirror margins or Different odd and even are enabled, Word will not allow the user to freshly begin page numbering an even page after a section break. Instead it inserts a mandatory blank page which cannot be removed. In Word 2004 for Macintosh, support of complex scripts was inferior even to Word 97, and Word 2004 does not support Apple Advanced Typography features like ligatures or glyph variants. Word has extensive list bullets and numbering feature used for tables, list, pages, chapters, headers, footnotes, and tables of content. Bullets and numbering can be applied directly or using a button or by applying a style or through use of a template. Some problems with numbering have been found in Word 97-2003. An example is Words system for restarting numbering.The Bullets and Numbering system has been significantly overhauled for Office 2007, which is intended to reduce the severity of these problems. For example, Office 2007 cannot align tabs for multi-leveled numbered lists. Often, items in a list will be inexplicably separated from their list number by one to three tabs, rendering outlines unreadable. These problems cannot be resolved even by expert users. Even basic dragging and dropping of words is usually impossible. Bullet and numbering problems in Word include: bullet characters are often changed and altered, indentation is changed within the same list, bullet point or n umber sequence can belong to an entirely different nest within the same sequence. Users can also create tables in MS Word. Depending on the version, Word can perform simple calculations. Formulas are supported as well. As mentioned in Creating Tables, MS Word supports the use of formulas. To The formula function is on the ribbon in the Data section. Click on the Formula icon to open the Formula Dialog box. At the top of the Formula box is a place to enter a formula. Formulas use a similar convention as that used in Excel. Cell references use the reference style. Formulas are written using cell references Word tables dont display column and row, the address must be determined by counting the number of columns and rows. For example, cell appears three columns from the left and four rows down. Once cell addresses are known the formula can be written. Optional Microsoft Word in program called Formula Builder provides cell references in a number of different ways so the user doesnt have to determine it by counting columns and rows. For example, cell references may be added to a formula by double-clicking the cell. As an alternative to using actual cell references as the arguments in the formula, you can use instead which adds a range of cells. There are limitations to this method. The cells in the range must not be empty and they must contain numeric values otherwise the calculation will not include the entire range expected. Another problem is that doesnt recognize negative numbers when the number is surrounded by parenthesis and as a result does not calculate correctly. Word also adds the heading row if it contains a numeric value provided the cells in the range are contiguous and all contain values. AutoSummarize highlights passages or phrases that it considers valuable. The amount of text to be retained can be specified by the user as a percentage of the current amount of text. According to Ron Fein of the Word 97 team, Auto Summarize cuts wordy copy to the bone by counting words and ranking sentences. First, AutoSummarize identifies the most common words in the document and assigns each word the more frequently a word is used, the higher the score. Then, each sentence by adding the scores of its words and dividing the sum by the number of words in the sentence the higher the average, the higher the rank of the sentence. Its like the ratio of wheat to chaff explains Fein. CONCLUSION To conclude with ms office one of the main set up which busy people are using todays world. Microsoft Word is a non-free commercial word processor designed by Microsoft. Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1047845412938070209.post-77771387794552815642020-01-19T15:06:00.001-08:002020-01-19T15:06:03.548-08:00Essentials of Business Management Essays -- GCSE Business Marketing CoEssentials of Business Management When Sam Walton opened the first Wal-Mart store in 1962, it was the beginning of an American success story that no one could have predicted. A small-town merchant who had operated variety stores in Arkansas and Missouri, Walton was convinced that consumers would flock to a discount store with a wide array of merchandise and friendly service. Hence, Wal-Mart's mission is to deliver big-city discounting to small-town America. Sam's Roots From humble, hard-working roots, Sam Walton built Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. into the largest, fastest-growing, and most profitable retailer in the world. A child of the Depression, Sam always worked hard. He would milk the cows, and by the age of eight, he started selling magazine subscriptions. When he turned 12, Sam took on a paper route that he continued well into his college days to support himself. Walton began his retail career at J.C. Penney in Des Moines, Iowa in 1940 making just $75 per month. In 1945, Sam borrowed $5,000 from his wife and $20,000 from his wife's family to open a Ben Franklin five and dime franchise in Newport, Arkansas. In 1950, he relocated to Bentonville, Arkansas and opened a Walton 5 . Over the next 12 years they built up and grew to 15 Ben Franklin Stores under the name of Walton 5 . Sam had plenty of new ideas. He liked to deal with the suppliers directly so he could pass the savings on to the customers. He later brought a new idea to Ben Franklin management that they should open discount stores in small towns. They rejected his idea. The First of 3054 Sam and his brother James (Bud) opened their first Wal-Mart Discount City store in Rogers, Arkansas in 1962. Walton and his wife Helen had to put up everything they had, including their house and property to finance the first 18,000 square-foot store. With gradual growth over the next eight years, they went public in 1970 with only 18 stores and sales of $44 million. While other large chains lagged behind, Wal-Mart soon grew rapidly in the 1970's, due to their highly automated distribution centers and computerization. By 1980, they were up to 276 stores with revenues of over $1.2 billion. Sam Walton's guiding philosophy for his stores from the beginning was to offer consumers a wide selection of goods at a discounted price. The company saved money by keeping advertising costs low... ...equests for no publicity. The Ten Commandments of Leadership by Sam Walton 1. Commit to your goals. 2. Share your rewards. 3. Energize your colleagues. 4. Communicate all you know. 5. Value your associates' contributions. 6. Celebrate your success. 7. Listen to everyone. 8. Deliver more than you promise. 9. Work smarter than others do. 10. Blaze your own path. Bibliography 1. Jon Heuy. Sam Walton: Made in America: My Story (New York: Doubleday, 1992) 2. Kenneth E. Stone, Competing With the Retail Giants, (Toronto: John Wiley & Sons Inc. 1995) 3. Vince, H. Trimble, Sam Walton: The Story Inside America's Richest Man (New York: Dutton, 1990) 4. www.SmartLeadership.com 5. Inc Magazine, Spies Like Us, Stemberg, Tom, with Gruner, Stephanie. August, 1998, p45-48 6. Inc Magazine, The Mentors, Welles, Edward O. June, 1998, p48-50 7. www.walmart.com 1996, 1997, 1998 Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. 8. Stone, Kenneth E. Competing With the Retail Giants. (New York: John Wiley & Sons Inc., 1995) 9. Taylor, D., Archer ,J.S. Up Against the Wal-Marts. (New York: AMACOM, 1994) 10. Microsoft Encarta 98. Samuel Walton Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1047845412938070209.post-42125899630731398252020-01-11T11:30:00.001-08:002020-01-11T11:30:06.528-08:00Political Violence and Gangsters EssayEventually, due to many reports of violence and killings being associated with Dââ¬â¢Andrea, he decided to withdraw from politics instead of his political ambitions being linked with blood shedding. Immediately after his withdrawal from politics, he and his friend started receiving death threats. On May 11, 1921, as Dââ¬â¢Andrea was moving to his home with who used to be his bodyguard, they parted well and on reaching his doorsteps, he was attacked and suffered internal bleeding. Other incidences of violence which were politically oriented were witnessed in Chicago city after Merriam Charles who was a professor lost in the elections of Chicago reforms. He made it clear that Chicago was the most corrupt city in America. Until the times of Cermark, the issue of one monolithic was no more, but instead establishment of a collection of mini machines. Such machineries were controlled by prominent political factotums who dispensed their jobs in favor to their home constituents in return due to their loyalty on the material election date. An aldermanââ¬â¢s clout purely depended on liability of political structures and schemes to have his vote delivered. In this city, the question of either winning or losing never rose to the politicians but the organizations definitely won the battles through all means because always the court was based on pluralities. (Write here Authorââ¬â¢s name)Could you write here authorââ¬â¢s name please? Introduction. The Chicagoââ¬â¢s criminal reputation preceded long the wars between beer and Al Capone. Although they were born during the same year as sensationalists, Americanââ¬â¢s new and penny press fear of a masteries working class, the city was perceived even to its earliest observers as a hotbed of immorality and criminal events. Cases of theft murder, rape and crimson among other mayhems became the townââ¬â¢s breaking news in most of the media services. According to the cities complain that the business stealing horses had been reduced to a regular system in 1840, the tribune echoed the perception of the countless Chicagoans (Wirth 1965, p.77). Within the course of the same year, around 2,500 citiesââ¬â¢s first hangings were reportedly and confirmed. As the time went on, observers from both beyond and within the city continued to note the existence of identifiable events of crime under ward. In the democrat ward, it was still getting to be notorious fact that pickpockets, thimble, robbers, three-shell game players and broad cases of sly tricks application to cheat become perfectly in the city. The criminal reputation in the city was enhanced by the visibility of vice (Brumer 1969, p.28). Within a half centuryââ¬â¢s period, more cases of gambling were reported in the city than the larger city of Philadelphia and more per capita than in New York. The vice was first concentrated in a certain area along the river of Chicago known as the ââ¬Ëpatchesââ¬â¢ where by the tribune interpreted it as the most beastly sensuality and darkest place of criminal events. The cityââ¬â¢s reputation was also wicked as many people witnessed the fire of that time as divine retribution which was against a modern day of Sodom and Gomorrah. The case of lawlessness after the conflagration provided no cause for optimism. One of the newspapers called the city reported that the entire city was infested with groups of burglars, thieves and cut-throat, bent on plunder and also murdered. The fire did not show any sense of redemption whereby the Chicagoââ¬â¢s reputation darkened with time. As a result of existence of the image of lawlessness, violent labor dispute crisis increased especially with the Hay market crisis (Davis 1960, p.78). Understanding Political Violence. There is more to the modern political regions than the political religions and rituals sematics as it is assumed regarding to National Socialism and other regimes in totalitarian. Political style and other ideologies do not matter although they provide an answer to as how dead certainty came to be achieved by the ultimate mission. The revolutionary terror furies and sacrifice of the national revivalism give provision that in the current world, it is the region that is in violence but not the violence in region. Human rights violations, including the torture, kidnappings and murder were the daily phenomenon in Chicago city in 1920th. It had become a normal issue that disappearances and murder of labor leaders, kidnapping, union organizers and leftists to be increase especially during the events of politics. According to the research, many people were assassinated as a result of politically motivated killings in the country. Political violence and social change should be considered as the major factor as a breeding ground for violence. The focus should be to the armed organizations mainly the terror perpetrators who are not within the military operations. The aspect of how the political and economic situations in different social strata and how they link with violence should also is considered. Both armed organizations and terror contribute to economic decline. Armed conflicts are more common in the transitional societies like Chicago than in advanced countries (Green 19995, p.65 ). The killing of the vice leader by the name Jim Colosimo in the year 1920 which was the first year of prohibition, indicated a new phase in Chicagoââ¬â¢s violence. The violent bloodily a beer wars between the year 1924 and 1930 made Al Capone very famous and the city synonymous with a new phenomenon of gangsterism. Notoriety in Chicago city grew due to series of violent incidences including; the 194 violent shooting of gang leader Dion O. Banion in his flower shop in North side, 1926 machine gunning of Hymie Weiss near the Holy Name Cathedral, 1929 Saint Valentineââ¬â¢s Day massacre which was done to seven people in a clerk street garage. These cases were very widely reported in the international press and also became the incidents of subjects of the popular contemporary plays and books (Haller 1973, p.254). Political Violence and Gangsters. To outline how politics contributed to violence activities in Chicago in 1920th, Chicagoââ¬â¢s Union Siciliana elaborates how the decade was marked with series of slaughter. The organization of Unione siciliana was like a mafia group which was very mysterious. It was composed of the Camorra and the Black Hand. This organization was among thousands of fraternal organizations established in America for the purpose of mutual benefit in the societies. It was organized in the Chicago city and had limitations in membership. Depending with the organizations rules, the natives from other countries were interested to join and they were allowed, whereby at the end of first world war, there were many lodges of non Sicilians among them being Tuscan lodge, the Ventiam lodge, the Roman lodge and many more (Mc Garry 2004, p.556). The Union had no leadership but only membership. The leadership of Unione siciliana was exclusivity a stone in the shoe in most infamous gangs always. Al Capone whose heritage was in Neapolitan was associated with the responsibility of the killings of the most Unione Siciliana leaders during the 1920s due to their gang allegiances. Within the decade of 1920s, Anthony Dââ¬â¢Andrea was appointed as the leader of the Chicagoââ¬â¢s Unione Siciliana. Being born in Sicily, Anthony was a graduate from Palermo University who was a linguist and at the same time, he had studied priesthood. In the year 1902, he was convicted due to counterfeiting and forced to serve 13 months in the prison. In 1903, a former student of Dââ¬â¢Andrea interceded on his behalf whereby Anthony was pardoned by the president Theodore Roosevelt. In Chicago, Anthony Dââ¬â¢Andrea was known as the former power in the old red light district because in his early teens he was linked as being in connection to a certain gang of Italian counterfeiters and also bank robberies that based operations throughout the country. During this time, Ignacio who was also called Lupo the wolf Saietta was put under arrest in the city of New York and imprisoned. On the other hand Anthony and Frank Milano were also involved in counterfeiting and apprehended in Cleveland and both charged. This indicated that the Italian underworld criminals may have been networking together for long time prior to prohibition (Merriam 1929, p.78). When Anthony Dââ¬â¢Andrea was released from prison in the year 1903, he proceeded to Chicago and settled in the so called 19th ward. He was interested with politics and joined local unions. Dââ¬â¢Andreaââ¬â¢s Brother Joseph who was the president in the Sewer Diggers was later involved in the Peon system of extorting money from the Italian robberies. As a result, he was murdered on the canal street during a labor quarrel as they were budding the Unionââ¬â¢ station. Consequently, it was noted that his brother Anthony Dââ¬â¢Andrea would take his position of a presidency. John powers had been the Alderman and the democratic political boss in the 19th ward since the year 1888 had won the Aldermanââ¬â¢s post in the ward for 16 elections consecutively (Shapiro 1988, p.143). It is from this time when the ward transformed from predominately Irish to around 80 percent Italian. Most of the democrats started to look for Italian democrat to represent them whereby Diamond Joe was the representative of Italian republican voters within the ward. Earliest on, the split between powers and Dââ¬â¢Andrea had been noticed in 1915. The difference was due to each one of them supporting a different mayor candidate. In 1916, Dââ¬â¢Andrea presented himself for the Democratic nominations against powers picked candidate James Bowler. In the same year, a Bowler supporter was killed in a Taylor street saloon. Police from streets of Maxwell claimed Lombardi Bowlerââ¬â¢s killing as being just the latest addition to Black Hand toll. On the same month, Chicagoââ¬â¢s daily tribune printed an article with title that, police on guard in two homes in Mafia terror (Hagan 1978, p.112). According to the article, it indicated that police had full confidence that the killing was as a result of Sicilian feud as it was opposed to the 19th ward political war. According to John Landesco with organized crime in Chicago, he declared that Dââ¬â¢Andrea was the elected as the Unione Sicilianaââ¬â¢s president which was one of the strongest organizations of foreign groups in America. When power noticed his defeat, he tired to make peace with Dââ¬â¢Andrea whereby Dââ¬â¢Andrea accepted to support powers for adremanââ¬â¢s position. The Supreme Court of Illinois however voided the election results and Powers took the position. When these events turned, there was a declaration of political war to the death (Gosnell 1937, p.432). On September 28, 1920, an explosion of bomb was witnessed on the porch of Alderman Powerââ¬â¢s residence. Powers political rivals claimed that, Powers was keeping the house on Alister place so they intended him to claim residency within his 19th ward. Sometime after the explosion, Anthony Dââ¬â¢Andrea was recorded announcing his candidacy as a non partisan for aldermanââ¬â¢s position in that 9th ward. On the Feb. 11, 1921 just eleven days before the elections of the aldermanic, another powerful explosion of bomb was evident at Anthony Dââ¬â¢Andreaââ¬â¢s political rally in the building on the Avenue of Blue Islands. After the incidence, Alderman Powers was the most sympathetic man. In response to these incidences, the Illinois stateââ¬â¢s Attorney Robert E. who for long had proved to be a person of integrity reacted to the bombing incidences through vowing to have new state bill. He declared that, whoever was to be caught with bombing cases would serve for 25 years in penitentiary with death sentence as the maximum punishment. He also added that whoever who was to be caught placing a bomb where it can endanger children or women would be hanged. Chicago city had very tough and terrible conditions in the nineteenth ward. The gunmen were patrolling all over in the streets. Many bump off and kidnapping threats were being offered to Dââ¬â¢Andrea while his supporters were being threatened and slugged. Gunmen and cutthroats had been imported from Buffalo and New York due to campaign intimidation. Within less than one week later, on the Feb. 18th, an explosion was made at the home of Dââ¬â¢Andreaââ¬â¢s territorial area which adversely spoiled Dââ¬â¢Adreaââ¬â¢s political offices of campaign headquarter. Immediately after each occurrence of bombing, Powers covered himself through posting $2,000 as a reward to capture and arrest the concerned perpetrators (Lesswell 1939, p.87). On the elections day in Feb. 22, 1920, security officers were ready very early in full force throughout Chicago city. They succeeded to arrest around 150 men during the day time. The most notorious one was Edward O Donnell who was the leader of a certain gang in southern sides. The dayââ¬â¢s biggest catch included that of dynamite. In the area where the law enforcement officers called the headquarter for pre-election bomb outrage in the 19th ward, the security officers managed to raid a certain farm near the 71st street and the Avenue Central park. They were able to collect around 200 pounds of uncovered dynamite and many sacks of blasting powder indicating that those were the major bomb manufacturing centers. From the residence, two men were arrested (Wirth 1973, p.99). Within the 19th ward, more than 450 police officers were stationed. Before noon on the same day, 50 violators were under the police custody. In surprise, despite the fact that many security officers were put in place, three people from the camp of powers including the election judge and the precinct captain had already been kidnapped in the morning section. Power emerged as the winner by a slim margin of only 435 votes. This however did not put to an end the criminal activities and war. In less than just three weeks after conducting the elections, two precinct captains of Powers where killed mercilessly by gangsters. On March 9th, 1920 at around 9 in the morning section, Bailiff A. who was a municipal court Deputy was attack by two bandits as he walked to work. Just a few distant from that scene the same man was attacked again and hit nine times to death. After the murder of Bailiff A, another man by the name Raimond was also murdered while in his store of cigar on Taylor Street. After the incidence, two of the killers ran from the store and dropped one of the murder weapons on sidewalk. It was immediately speculated that most of the gunmen who were involved in the two killing were imported from New York. On April, 12 of the same year, Dââ¬â¢Andrea who used to carry a gun for his own safety purposes was arrested after a social club was raided where the gun was found in his pocket. Also several men were arrested for being found gambling in the club (Woodiwiss 2001, p.71). Eventually, due to many reports of violence and killings being associated with Dââ¬â¢Andrea, he decided to withdraw from politics instead of his political ambitions being linked with blood shedding. Immediately after his withdrawal from politics, he and his friend started receiving death threats. On May 11, 1921, as Dââ¬â¢Andrea was moving to his home with who used to be his bodyguard, they parted well and on reaching his doorsteps, he was attacked and suffered internal bleeding. Other incidences of violence which were politically oriented were witnessed in Chicago city after Merriam Charles who was a professor lost in the elections of Chicago reforms. He made it clear that Chicago was the most corrupt city in America. Until the times of Cermark, the issue of one monolithic was no more, but instead establishment of a collection of mini machines. Such machineries were controlled by prominent political factotums who dispensed their jobs in favor to their home constituents in return due to their loyalty on the material election date. An aldermanââ¬â¢s clout purely depended on liability of political structures and schemes to have his vote delivered. In this city, the question of either winning or losing never rose to the politicians but the organizations definitely won the battles through all means because always the court was based on pluralities. (Landesco,1973) During the Election Day, a message was being sent stating that the enemy should be punished and destroyed such that he can never think of politics again in future. The end justified the resulting means in time of insuring a victory decisive in the often grim Darwinistic struggle for life and death. Threat campaigns, brass knuckles, and even murder came to be the only preferred tactics methods especially when the normal ways of using propaganda and persuading voters seemed not to work. The violence associated with Al Capone and the terror campaigns during the election eve in 1923, he waged against the other political bosses of Cicero. Al Capone tried to invade the blue-collar factory in Chicago town when things proved to be too not for him. Capone was the only piker in the town. Intimidation and violence was the Chicagoââ¬â¢s way out, and its roots historically extended very much in those times as compared to the rollicking era of Big Fellow and the bathtub gin. Chicagoans much involvement was in the political elections results not considering distractions of the professional sports televisions and other diversions of 20th century than today. In every ward, there was organization of social clubs which aimed to boost the areas preferred candidates. In the city, there were pageantry of colorful parades, torch light rallies, bombastic oratory emissions of sets of smoke were all over the meeting halls and also scattered all over the city (Adamic 1931, p.56). All these events were to show important senses ethnic pride hopes neighborhood identity, fears and also prejudices which vested in candidateââ¬â¢s fortune and enough courage to descend out of the same dominant nationality which was found within the wards. At times a Republican club or the Democratic club engaged in rival organizations which represented some other districts and the ethnic groups in woolly and wild free for alls which were often settled by bats, bricks and also pavement stones. In 1928, Aiello Capone war was still controlled by Unione Siciliana in Chicago. In April, 1928 elections, Capone supporters were heavily backing their Uniuone Siciliana candidate Bernard Barasa. This group had been associated with a number of explosions in connection with his campaigns although he lost the battle to the incumbent with more than 100, 000 votes. Immediately after the primary elections, Capone left for Miami Beach. In late June 1928, other leaders who included Fischetti Charley, Dab Serritella and Jake Guzik visited the boss. Soon they were accompanied by the famous machine gun jack and other killing twins who had been associated with murder of two Chicago killings of police officers. They discussed the fate of Frank Uale, who was the national president of Unione Siciliana in the state of New York. The next visit of Capone to Chicago was to attend the funeral of Lombardo Anthony, who was the Capone; sponsored president in Chicago.Lombardo had been killed by Aiello forces. As Capone was leaving Chicago, he met Lollordo and discovered that he could be threat to him in aspirating the presidential seat. On January, 8, 1929, Lolordo was shot with .38 Caliber guns without any warning (Landesco 1931, p.68). Conclusion. Some few years later, the long awaited reformist aim of shadowy conspirators who were seeking for control of Chicagoââ¬â¢s violence situation got the public attention in the city when vice entrepreneur and boot legging Al Capone and Torrio John rose and prominence shocking violence. Their main agenda discussed about the earliest depictions of the criminal events which oriented from election activities during the boot legging time. They ignored many illegal businesses from international liquor trading networks t neighborhood soft drinks parlors. It also ignored public demands for booze which focused on competition in violence among the gangs in dominations of the illegal trading especially in urban space. Their illustrations also show the fuzzy and ever shifting turf of major gangsters around 1925 which suggests that no Chicagoan could control some of the gang. Generally these criminal events indicated that the city of Chicago had no well established rules to govern the countryââ¬â¢s activities. It is also noted that most of the organizations associated with violence were supported and funded by the prominent political aspirantââ¬â¢s. At the same time, more groups of gangs formed due to the advantage of political crisis. For instance, the robberies, arson, rape among other evil events. All these symbolized governmentââ¬â¢s failure to provide enough security force to curb the problem. References. Adamic L, (1931), Dynamite: The story of classic violence in America, London. Asbury H, (2002).The Gungs of New York.London. Brumer H, (1969), Symbolic Interactionsm.Berkly. Davis H, (1960).Reinhold Niebuhr on Politics: New York Gosnell H, (1937).Machine Politics: Chicago Model. Chicago. Green P, (1995).The Mayors: The Chicago Political Tradition. Carbondale. Hagan J, (1978).Modern Criminology. New York. Haller M, (1973).Organized Crime in Chicago Part iii of the Illions crime survey 1929.Chicago. Landesco J, (1973), Organized Crime in Chicago: Part iii of the Illions Crime Survey 1929.Chicago. Lasswell H, (1939).World Revolutionary Propaganda: A Chicago Study. New York. McGarry j, (2004).The Northern Ireland Conflict: Consociational Engagements. Oxford. Merriam C, (1929).Chicago: A More Intimate View of Urban Politics.New York. Shapiro H, (1988).White Violence and Black Response: Amherst. Wirth L, (1965).On Cities and social life.Chicago. Woodiwiss M, (2001), Organized Crime and American Power. Toronto. Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1047845412938070209.post-75502000337696056732020-01-03T07:54:00.001-08:002020-01-03T07:54:03.534-08:00The Themes of Deception and Self-Deceit in William... The Themes of Deception and Self-Deceit in William Shakespeares Twelfth Night Works Cited Missing The comical play, Twelfth night, which was written by Shakespeare, is a classic example of seventeenth century humour, wit, deception and self-deceit. In the play we see how twin Viola and Sebastian are separated, and they both think that one another is dead; My brother, he is in Elysium (Act I i line 1) but are reunited in disguise, in a land of madness and delirium, called Illyria. This essay will be covering the themes of deception and self-deceit. Self-deceit means when a character is lying to hisâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The audience know this is so she can get close to him. In act two we meet Violas identical twin brother, Sebastian, who thinks Viola is dead, and Malvolio persuses Cesario with Olivias ring. This is when Viola realises that Olivia likes Cesario. The three conspirators play a trick on Malvolio, to make him think that Olivia likes him, which affects his behaviour towards her. All these acts of deception are all deceiving someone or another. First Cesario deceives Malvolio and Olivia in making him think that he is Cesario, and second is when Malvolio is deceived by the three conspirators (Maria, Fabian and Sir Toby). The effect of these deeds are that people think that Viola is a man and, soon Malvolio will approach Olivia dressed differently and Olivia will think that Malvolio is mad. The audience see this as a point that all the main plots start to take form. The audience also think that the deceiving characters are creul and manipulative to toy with other characters emotions and get away with it. I know this letter will make a contemplative idiot of him (Act II v 16-17) Maria says this, and this shows the audience that the characters dont think highly of Malvolio. In act three, the audience see Sebastian and Antonio going to Illyria, and Antonio is giving Sebastian all of his money. LaterShow MoreRelated Comparing the Love of Romeo and Juliet, Twelfth Night and the Bible4838 Words à |à 20 Pagesenemies. (Matt 5:44) Shakespeares Biblical knowledge is well known and he was certainly familiar with these concepts as he wrote his plays on the subject of love. By looking closely at his works, we can analyze the nature of true love. In Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare gives an example of true love overcome by tragic fate. His star-crossed lovers are so madly in love with each other that they cannot live without being together. (RJ Prologue, 6) By contrast, in Twelfth Night the characters are soRead More Misperception and Deception in William Shakespeares Twelfth Night2160 Words à |à 9 PagesMisperception and Deception in Twelfth Nightà à à à à à à à à à à à à à à Twelfth Night is likely one of Shakespeareââ¬â¢s most entertaining and complete comedy. This romance explores a generous wealth of themes and issues. The most recurrent theme is the relationship between misperception and deception. As a result of their environment and immediate circumstances, men are forced into misperceptions. Paradoxically, they are completely trapped by these illusions. Between the bad fortune they encounter andRead MoreHow Shakespeare Explores the Theme of Deception and Self-Deception in Twelfth Night2536 Words à |à 11 PagesHow Shakespeare Explores the Theme of Deception and Self-Deception in Twelfth Night Deception is the use of deceit that deceives everyone around you including yourself. It is the fact or state of being deceived. It can be a ruse or a trick in disguise, which deludes, giving a sense of indirection. Itââ¬â¢s a misleading falsehood. One can deceive by running away from even their true self either physically or mentally. Self-deception on the other hand is the act of deluding oneselfRead MoreTwelfth Night- Literature Cape Unit !7125 Words à |à 29 PagesTwelfth Night Criticism William Shakespeare and The Twelfth Night Known for his tragedies, comedies, sonnets and love stories, William Shakespeare is argued to be one of the best writers of his time. Throughout his plays, including The Twelfth Night, he uses disguise and deceit to fool the other characters to benefit another. Shakespeare was born in April of 1564 in the town Stratford-upon-Avon. Although the exact date of his birth is not known, historians traditionally celebrate it on the 23rd Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1047845412938070209.post-74973456253547767242019-12-26T04:21:00.001-08:002019-12-26T04:21:03.380-08:00How Do Disposable Diapers Work Why Do They Leak Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1047845412938070209.post-44586712706546650362019-12-18T00:10:00.001-08:002019-12-18T00:10:03.419-08:00Isolation - Edward Thomas and Robert Frost Essays Both Poets write about the isolation of the individual in their poetry Compare and contrast two poems, one by each poet, taking account of the methods which each poet uses to write about the isolation of the individual. Both poets write about the isolation of the individual in their poems An Old Manââ¬â¢s Winterââ¬â¢s Night and Man And Dog. Frost depicts an elderly individual who is isolated form others because of the harshness of the natural environment around him. Whilst Thomas depicts a nomadic individual who wanders the countryside and who, In contrast to Frosts character embraces his isolation, choosing instead a ââ¬Å"brown bitchâ⬠for his only company To begin with, Thomas writes in rhyming couplets which create an on-going effect of theâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦In Man and Dog even though the individual is isolated, he recognises that others are worse off than he is, he recognises that things could be a lot worse for him and this is conveyed through the line, ââ¬Å"Many a man sleeps worse tonight than I shallâ⬠. In AOMWN this contrasts to, ââ¬Å"What kept his eyes from giving back the gazeâ⬠, the alliteration shows that the man is at odds with his environment, that this is not a place for a vulnerable old man and this further isolates him from others. In addition to this each poet describes a different response to isolation, Frost depicts an individual who is comfortable being isolated and makes the most of the situation which he finds himself in whereas Thomas depicts an individual who no longer wants to be isolated from others. In Man and Dog the line, ââ¬Å"Iââ¬â¢ll get no shakedown with that bedfellow from farmersâ⬠, the man cuts himself off from others, he chooses his isolation. In contrast to this in AOMWN the litote, ââ¬Å"A light he was to no one but himselfâ⬠implies that it is not by choice that the man chooses to be isolated, but rather through his inability to communicate to others. In addition to this in Man and Dog a ââ¬Å"leaf-coloured robin watchedâ⬠, the visual imagery shows how the man is close to nature, he makes the best of his isolation and isShow MoreRelatedRobert Frost s Writing Style1589 Words à |à 7 Pages Robert Frost once said, ââ¬Å"The figure a poem makes. It begins in delight and ends in wisdom... in a clarification of life - not necessarily a great clarification, such as sects and cults are founded on, but in a momentary stay against confusionâ⬠(Robert Frost Quotes). This same kind of thinking opened the door for metaphorical poetry that helped to show the poets transparency. His love for the social outcast and the struggles of his life are exhibited greatly in his poems. Robert Frost helpedRead MoreRobert Frost : A New England Poet3698 Words à |à 15 PagesRobert Lee Frost Known for being a New England poet Robert Frost was born in San Francisco, California on March 26th, 1874. Born to a New England father William Prescott Frost Jr. and a Scottish mother Isabelle Moodie who moved to the west coast from Pennsylvania after marriage (Bailey). Both his parents were teachers and poets themselves, but his father later became a journalist with the San Francisco Evening Bulletin (Bailey). Frost spent 12 years of his life growing up in San Francisco, untilRead MoreThe Poetry Of Robert Frost3137 Words à |à 13 Pagesexamine the poetry of Robert Frost for references to themes of nature, religion, and humanity and how they relate to each other. This exercise will be prefaced with a brief introduction to the man and his life as a segue to better understanding Frostââ¬â¢s verse. The unexpected but unavoidable aim of this composition will be to realize that Frostââ¬â¢s body of work is almost too sophisticated to comprehend, his manipulation of language so el usive that each reader may believe Frost is speaking only to themRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of Samuel Taylor Coleridge3984 Words à |à 16 PagesSamuel Taylor Coleridge was an influential British philosopher, critic, and writer of the early eighteenth century. He was a prominent member of a literary group known as the ââ¬Å"Lake Poets,â⬠which included renowned writers like William Wordsworth and Robert Southey. His writings and philosophy greatly contributed to the formation and construction of modern thought. He possessed an extensive, creative imagination, and developed his own imagination theories in his writings. However, his personal life wasRead MoreStrategic Human Resource Management View.Pdf Uploaded Successfully133347 Words à |à 534 Pagesproduction facilities or a superior product are usually not enough to sustain an advantage over competitors. Physical facilities can be duplicated, cloned, or reverse-engineered and no longer provide a sustainable advantage.2 St rategists James Quinn, Thomas Doorley, and Penny Paquette have argued that ââ¬Å"maintainable advantage usually derives from outstanding depth in selected human skills, logistics capabilities, knowledge bases, or other service strengths that competitors cannot reproduce . . .â⬠.3 ThusRead MoreANALIZ TEXT INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS28843 Words à |à 116 Pagesdeliberately arranged sequence of interrelated events that constitute the basic narrative structure of a novel or a short story. Events of any kind, of course, inevitably involve people, and for this reason it is virtually impossible to discuss plot in isolation from character. Character and plot are, in fact, intimately and reciprocally related, especially in modern fiction. A major function of plot can be said to be the representation of characters in action, though as we will see the action involved canRead MoreLangston Hughes Research Paper25309 Words à |à 102 Pagesshort stories. He said, [They] made my hair stan d on end. In some of Lawrences characters he recognized his own personality flaws and those of acquaintances. He began writing powerful short stories with psychological conflicts involving racial isolation, class segregation, and sexual dilemmas. Maxim Lieber, his new agent, sold these dramatic stories to American Mercury magazine. In 1933, Hughes stood near the reviewing stand as Soviet dictator Josef Stalin, Foreign Secretary V.M. Molotov, andRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words à |à 922 Pageshave not been or cannot be empirically tested. Hence, positivism combines what we have called an objectivist epistemology and a realist ontology (Figure 1.7). It is widely agreed that positivism is pivotal to management for two reasons. First, as Thomas (1997) notes, ââ¬ËPositivism holds the promise of techniques for controlling the worldââ¬â¢ (p. 693) with which managers expect to be provided. Second, provided that managers appear practically to use neutral scientific knowledge, their subsequent practicesRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words à |à 1573 Pages, with David DeCenzo (Wiley, 2010) Prentice Hallââ¬â¢s Self-Assessment Library 3.4 (Prentice Hall, 2010) Fundamentals of Management, 8th ed., with David De Cenzo and Mary Coulter (Prentice Hall, 2013) Supervision Today! 7th ed., with David DeCenzo and Robert Wolter (Prentice Hall, 2013) Training in Interpersonal Skills: TIPS for Managing People at Work, 6th ed., with Phillip Hunsaker (Prentice Hall, 2012) Managing Today! 2nd ed. (Prentice Hall, 2000) Organization Theory, 3rd ed. (Prentice Hall, 1990)Read MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words à |à 1617 PagesCentral Design: Jayne Conte Cover Art: Getty Images, Inc. Cover Design: Suzanne Duda Lead Media Project Manager: Denise Vaughn Full-Service Project Management: Sharon Anderson/BookMasters, Inc. Composition: Integra Software Services Printer/Binder: Edwards Brothers Cover Printer: Coral Graphics Text Font: 10/12 Weidemann-Book Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on appropriate page within text. Copyright à © 2011, 2007, Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1047845412938070209.post-57523281813672325292019-12-09T20:51:00.001-08:002019-12-09T20:51:04.314-08:00Essay on AICD NFP Governance and Performance Study Question: Write an essay onThe AICD NFP Governance and Performance Study. Answer: The AICD NFP Governance and Performance Study 2015 (AICD 2015b, p. 23) found, NFP boards rate their skills in strategy development and oversight of strategy implementation at 6.6 out of 10 - with room for improvement. From the outsets, the role of board highlights the amount of time that the board members expected to spend to develop a strategy that will help the company to run properly in future (Reynolds 2014). A boards effectiveness in setting strategic direction depends on five characteristics - size, independence, reputation, activity and diversity (Spearritt and Butcher 2010). According to the NFP Governance and Performance Study 2015 (AICD 2015b, pp.11, 16), Australian Charities Report 2014 (Leblanc 2015) and Guaging the State of Not-for-profit 2015 (Macdonald 2013), some of the prime facts that stood out regarding the role of the board in setting strategic direction are: The top priority of the board in developing strategies is to maintain financial sustainability. As the NFPs focus is on the richer mix of diversifying income streams, cost, management and increasing own source of income, simple cost management has diminished as an imperative (Anand and Jog 2014) 41% of directors believe they require to develop their present level of skills in strategic planning (AICD 2015b, p. 23) Almost half of the directors believe that the board of NFPs is very effective in order to measure the organizational performances against its mission (Pro Bono 2015, p. 8) Therefore, SEs has to develop corporate structure in such a way that could able to fulfil all its requirements. However, NFPs and SEs are completely two different factors. Therefore, strategy development also will have to be different as compared to NFPs. Otherwise, SEs might not able to fulfil its actual objective (Du Plessis, O'Sullivan and Rentschler 2014). Since, board members have major role in recruiting, supervising, and evaluating the organizational process. Boards have to create proper strategy that will help the SE to gain advantage in the market. Since, many SEs are also works as for-profit. Therefore, strategy of SEs will definitely have to be different from the NEPs. Board members also provide direction for the organizations. This crucial in strategy development, as without selecting a proper objective no strategy can be formulated. Board members are the higher authority of the company (Elms 2014). Therefore, they play a significant role in developing relationship with t he government organization. This is a key aspect for developing any strategy for social enterprises. A board of directors is a combination of individuals focusing on to operate an organization as a group. In social enterprises, strategy formulation not only focuses on the profit margin of the company but also help the society as a whole. However, not all the social enterprises are a not-for-profit firm (Strong 2014). Therefore, strategy formulation of the company will have to consider both the aspect such as increasing the profit of the company and also improving the amount of benefits that the company is currently providing to the society. Hence, the strategy formulation for the SEs is far more difficult and demands combinations of approach. As per the 2014 Chairman and Non-Executive Director Survey, the role of the higher authority such as EDs and NEDs become even more crucial in developing a particular strategy for the company. The strategy development in the social enterprise demands huge amount of skills, which companies failed to get sometime (Atkinson 2012). It leads to the o rganizational failure. Therefore, many boards and management have struggled to formulate appropriate division of strategy that will help the company to operate much more effectively. References: Anand, A.I. and Jog, V.M., 2014. Diversity on Boards.Available at SSRN 2469410. Atkinson, M., 2012. Developing and using a performance management framework: a case study.Measuring business excellence,16(3), pp.47-56. Du Plessis, J., O'Sullivan, J. and Rentschler, R., 2014. Multiple layers of gender diversity on corporate boards: To force or not to force.Deakin L. Rev.,19, p.1. Elms, N.E., 2014. An exploratory study into director selection: who do directors want on their boards and how do they select them?. Leblanc, R.W., 2015. FACC 6600Corporate Governance Course OutlineFall 2015.Available at SSRN 2656628. Macdonald, R.J., 2013. Determining best practices for board evaluation for a provincial commercial Crown corporation. Reynolds, S.T., 2014.Effective Corporate Governance in Not-for-profit Organisations(Doctoral dissertation, Victoria University). Spearritt, K. and Butcher, S., 2010. Company Secretary: Promoting Board Diversity to Enhance Performance.Keeping good companies,62(6), p.332. Strong, P., 2014. Integrated reporting-where are we now?. Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1047845412938070209.post-42031940701460179382019-12-02T08:33:00.001-08:002019-12-02T08:33:04.762-08:00The Significance of the Korean War Table of Contents Introduction Events Leading up to the Korean War Impacts of the War Conclusion Bibliography Footnotes Introduction One of the major results of the Second World War was the emergence of two world super powers; the United States of America and the Soviet Union. These two powers appeared to be pitted against each other from an ideological point of view resulting in high polarization. The United States favored communism while the Soviet Union was pro communism and aimed to spread this ideology to its spheres of influence.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Significance of the Korean War specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Soviet Union was keen on spreading communism while the United States was equally keen on advancing capitalism or at least curbing the spread of communism. One of the fronts on which this ideological war was fought was along the North and South Korea since North Korea was a communism sphere of influence while the south was a capitalism sphere. However, this ideological war escalated into a fully fledged military operation making it the first major war after the Second World War. Historians agree that the Korean War had a strong influence on US policy and the international history. Bearing the huge significance of the Korean War, this paper shall conduct a concise yet informative research on the impacts of the Korean War on the US. Events Leading up to the Korean War The Korean peninsula prior to the end of the Second World War was under the control of the Japanese. Following the defeat of the Japanese and the subsequent end of World War II in 1945, the Korean Peninsula had an opportunity to regain its full sovereignty. However, this was not to be the case. Henneka documents that this ââ¬Å"liberationâ⬠of the Korean Peninsula was started by the Soviet troops from the north which the American troops advanced from the South[1]. The two liber ators, The US and the Soviets agreed to demarcate the Korean Peninsula at the thirty-eighth parallel line. This demarcation was meant to be a temporal one but over time, the Korean Peninsula became a front for the rivalry between the two world powers with the North being a Soviet sphere of influence and the South being an American sphere of influence. The political influence of the two rivals (Soviets and the US) on the Korean society was monumental and Henneka states that ââ¬Å"the two Koreas started their new life in dependence of their military and political protectors; the US and the Soviet Unionâ⬠[2]. The war was sparked by the North Korea who invaded the South in 1950 with the sole goal of reunifying the two Koreas by force. Following the defeat of the Japanese, the US had taken up control of the political and administrational structures of South Korea therefore assuming the role of the hated Japanese Imperialists.Advertising Looking for research paper on history? L et's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The North therefore viewed the US as an imperialist taking over from Japan and the invasion was meant to liberate the South. The Korean War was devastating to both the North and the South and it is deemed to be one of the worldââ¬â¢s most destructive wars in terms of the proportion of the population that was affected. Hang Shin documents that the war resulted in the decline of the South Korean population by approximately 2million and the creation of over half a million refugees[3]. The War ended in a stalemate with the North being a communist state and the South being a capital state under the protection of the US. However, the war which lasted from 1950 to 1953 had huge significances to the United States. Impacts of the War A major impact of the war was the radical change of the United Statesââ¬â¢ perception of the communist threat. Before the war, officials in the US held mixed feelings about the Soviet Union and while some perceived them as a real danger, the Soviets were seen as weak and incapable of carrying out war. Following the Korean War, Jervis records that the US now viewed communism as a force that was not only willing but also intent on attacking free nations so as to expand their influence[4]. The Korean War was seen as direct evidence that communism was willing to resort to armed aggression whenever it perceived that it could win the war. The Korean War resulted in a monumental increase of the US defense budget. These increases could not have been possible without the new policies that came about as a result of the Korean conflict. Before the Korean way, the US government faced budgetary restrictions that prevented it from enhancing its defense or even offering foreign assistance on the high levels that it wanted to. As a result of the Korean War, there was large public support for a stronger military since the communist threat was more real to the Americans and they were therefore willing to be taxed more to fund the military[5]. Daggett when talking about the costs of the Korean War for the United States notes that the US engaged in a large buildup of forces not just for the Korean war but in readiness for deployment elsewhere in the world should the need arise[6].Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Significance of the Korean War specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Before the Korean War, the US was involved in helping the war-torn European nations rebuild themselves through the European Recovery Program (commonly known as the Marshall plan) which began in 1948-1951. This plan which is still hailed as the most successful aid plan ever implemented by the US was mostly aimed at economic recovery of the European nations. However, this plan also touched on security issues by establishing a military alliance in the form of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Trachtenberg notes that NATO was not militarized and it was hugely a symbol of the long-term American commitment to Europe and it aimed towards a greater degree of military integration[7]. The Korean War resulted in the militarization of NATO since the US saw the need to have a strong conventional defense force capable of countering the communist threat in Europe. Following the Korean War, the US was also keen to develop a large NATO army whose troops would come from the US and great contributions from Britain, France and German. The rearmament of Germany (which had been disarmed following the end of the Second World War) was also precipitated by the Korean War. Before the Korean War, there was fear that any war between the West and the Communism forces would result in a Third World War. This was a scenario that was viewed as hugely undesirable and for this reason, the US went into great troubles to ensure that diplomatic means were used to quell disputes between capitalism and communism before they erupted into full scale wars. Prior to the Korean War, the US had held the assumption that war in any part of the world against communism would be unrestrained. The Korean War showed that it was possible to take part in limited wars where the dispute was limited to conventional forces at a particular geographical position[8]. The Korean War proved that the idea of limited war could be realized without posing a threat to the world. The US was from then on more willing to engage in limited wars as is demonstrated from the Vietnam Wars. The Korean War also resulted in deterioration in Chinese-American relationships. While the relationship between the US and China were bad even before the war, Chinaââ¬â¢s entry into the Korean War in support of North Korea and her Russian allies reinforced the notion to the US that China was a hostile nation. Jervis notes that while China joined the war as a result of its own personal interests in protecting itself from the perceived aggression by the United Nations forces, the US saw China as acting under the instructions of the Soviet Union[9].Advertising Looking for research paper on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The war therefore resulted in the change of China policy since now China was seen to be on the same side as the Soviet Union. The Chinese entity in the war therefore resulted in a solidification of the perception of a Sino-Soviet bloc. The US henceforth sought to strengthen her allies in the region (South Korea and Japan) by stationing military bases in the region as well as funding military spending for the countries so as to counter the perceived threat. In addition to this, the US became visibly anti-Chinese following the Korean War since China had in the eyes of the US proven herself to be an enemy. Another impact of the Korean War is that it resulted in the profound change of US policy by globalizing the U.S. commitment. The war led to the adoption of a belief by the US that any communist victory would greatly threaten vital American interests. The US role in Indochina where the US offered economic and military aid was as a direct result of the policy changes that resulted from the Korean War. Jervis states that following the Korean War, the US worked under the assumption that ââ¬Å"the whole of Southeast Asia is in danger of falling under Communist dominationâ⬠[10]. While prior to the Korean War the US would have been reluctant to commit her troops and resources to reverse such a situation, the Korean War led to the preference of military intervention by the US to prevent a communist victory. Another impact of the Korean War is that it placed North Korea as a major security risk to the Unite States. The direct attack initiated on South Korean by the North against supposed American imperialism demonstrated that North Korea was willing to undertake provocative actions against the US. This is a stance that is still held to the present day where the acquisition of nuclear warheads by the North is a major concern for the US which views Pyongyang as being willing to perpetrate acts of war from a historical view[11]. The Korean War enhanced the commitment of the US to the containment policy. The containment policy was proposed by United States diplomat George Kennan and it was primarily a policy designed to curb Soviet expansionism that seemed eminent following the end of the Second World War[12]. The containment policy was deemed necessary in light of the increasing influence of communism ideology in Eastern Europe and parts of Asia. In the cause of the Korean War, the US was tempted to endorse the rollback policy which would in essence have seen the destruction of North Koreas government and a take over by the US led UN forces. The failure of this policy during the Korean War resulted in the US reverting back to the containment policy which was summed up by the Truman Doctrine in which the US pledged to ââ¬Å"support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressuresâ⬠[13]. This containment policy was hugely successful in that it kept Soviet aggression at Bay. Kang authoritativel y states that the relative peace and stability on the Korean peninsula even in the face of predictions of war by many scholars has been proof that deterrence works[14]. Conclusion This paper set out to examine one of the major wars in which the US was involved in; the Korean War or 1950. The paper has proceeded to highlight the events that led to the way and gone on to examine the various impacts that the Korean War had on the United States. The consequences that the war had on US policy as well as her relationship with other countries have been articulated. From this paper, it is clear that the Korean War had immense impacts on the United States. It is this war more than any other single factor that resulted in the significant increase in the United Stateââ¬â¢s military spending. In addition to this, the war led to the globalization of the United States commitments as it viewed any local conflict as a test of strength between itself and the Soviet Union. Bibliography Daggett, St ephen. ââ¬Å"Costs of Major U.S. Warsâ⬠. Congressional Research Service. 2010. Eui Hang Shin. ââ¬Å"Effects of the Korean War on Social Structures of the Republic of Koreaâ⬠. International Journal of Korean Studies, 2001. Henneka, Andreas. ââ¬Å"Reflections on Korean History and its Impacts on the US-North Korean Conflictâ⬠. Journal on Science and World Affairs, Vol. 2, No. 1, 2006 19-27. Jervis, Robert. The Impact of the Korean War on the Cold War. The Journal of Conflict Resolution, Vol. 24, No. 4 (Dec., 1980), pp. 563-592 Kang, David. International Relations Theory and the Second Korean War. International Studies Quarterly (2003) 47, 301ââ¬â324 Richard Abrams, ââ¬Å"America Transformed: Sixty Years of Revolutionary Change, 1941-2001.â⬠(Cambridge University Press, 2006), 69. Trachtenberg, Marc. ââ¬Å"A Constructed Peace: The Making of the European Settlement 1945-1963â⬠. Princeton University Press, 1999. Watson, Cynthia. ââ¬Å"U.S. National Secu rity: a Reference Handbook.â⬠ABC-CLIO, 2002. Footnotes Andreas Henneka, ââ¬Å"Reflections on Korean history and its impacts on the US-North Korean conflictâ⬠(Journal on Science and World Affairs, Vol. 2, No. 1, 2006), 21. Andreas, 22. Eui Hang Shin, ââ¬Å"Effects of the Korean War on Social Structures of the Republic of Koreaâ⬠, (International Journal of Korean Studies, 2001), 133. Robert Jervis, ââ¬Å"The Impact of the Korean War on the Cold Warâ⬠(The Journal of Conflict Resolution, Vol. 24, No. 4 Dec., 1980), 579. Jervis, 580. Stephen Daggett, ââ¬Å"Costs of Major U.S. Warsâ⬠(Congressional Research Service, 2010), 4. Marc Trachtenberg, ââ¬Å"A Constructed Peace: The Making of the European Settlement 1945-1963â⬠(Princeton University Press, 1999), 120. Jervis, 581. Jervis, 583. Jervis, 587. David Kang, ââ¬Å"International Relations Theory and the Second Korean Warâ⬠, (International Studies Quarterly, 2003), 302. Cynthia Watson, ââ¬Å"U .S. National Security: a Reference Handbookâ⬠(ABC-CLIO, 2002), 44 Richard Abrams, ââ¬Å"America Transformed: Sixty Years of Revolutionary Change, 1941-2001.â⬠(Cambridge University Press, 2006), 69. David, 302. This research paper on The Significance of the Korean War was written and submitted by user Abdullah H. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1047845412938070209.post-36655829337904735592019-11-27T00:57:00.001-08:002019-11-27T00:57:03.745-08:00A Myth of a Pure Political System.A Myth of a Pure Political System. Contents-1. Introduction- What is a pure political system2. Society, Religion and Politics3. History of Political Systems4. Conclusion5. BibliographyIntroductionWhat is a pure Political System? In this essay my intentions are to give an idea of what is a pure political system. Then move on to find out if there is already a pure political system or has there ever been one in history. If so what happened to it? Is it possible for it to exist in every society? Does society have an effect on political systems? Is the way structure of politics decided by the value of each society's culture and tradition? If there isn't a current flawless political system, can it ever be made to exist? Even if a pure political system exists, can it ever be immune to corruption? By comparing societies in different regions and looking back in history to find evidence of a Pure Political System in these societies, it could be possible to find out just how much the socie ties and the head of these societies affects their politics.Only major geo-political systems will be looked at since every political system in history had developed in different geographical locations depending on the needs of the people, the economical resources available and religion. An important thing to always understand is how all these are linked in each society.-Society, Religion and PoliticsIn the 21st Century we are all taught to believe that the right political systems are those that exist in countries like America, Britain and other parts Europe. We are taught this in the reading of books and the watching of television programmes from the west. All of these sources have influenced and changed the way the rest of the world thinks. Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1047845412938070209.post-55545007323906419122019-11-23T08:31:00.001-08:002019-11-23T08:31:05.594-08:00How to Help Your 4th Grader Write a BiographyHow to Help Your 4th Grader Write a Biography Assignments can differ from one teacher to another, but most fourth-grade biography papers will involve a specific format. If you dont have detailed instructions from their teacher, you can follow these instructions to help your child develop a great paper. Every paper should have the following sections: Cover pageAnà introductory paragraphThree body paragraphsA summary paragraph Cover Page The cover page gives the reader information about your child, their teacher, and the subject of your childs paper. It also makes the work look more polished. The cover page should include the following information: The title of your childs paperYour childs nameThe name of your childs teacher and their schoolTodays date Introductory Paragraph The introductory paragraph is where your child introduces his topic. It should contain aà strong first sentence that gives the reader a clear idea of what the paper is about. If your child is writing a report about Abraham Lincoln, the opening sentence may look something like this: Abraham Lincoln once described himself as an ordinary man with an extraordinary story. The introductory sentence should be followed by a few sentences that give a little more information about theà topic and lead up to your childs big claim, or thesis statement. A thesis statement is not merely a statement of fact. Rather, it is a specific claim that will be argued and defended later in the paper. The thesis statement also serves as a roadmap, giving the reader an idea of what is coming next. Body Paragraphs The body paragraphs of the biography are where your child goes into detail about their research. Each body paragraph should be about one main idea. In a biography of Abraham Lincoln, your child might write one paragraph about Lincolns childhood and another about his time as president. Each body paragraph should contain a topic sentence, support sentences, and a transition sentence. A topic sentence states the main idea of the paragraph. Support sentences are where your child goes into detail, adding more information that supports the topic sentence. At the end of each bodyà paragraph should be a transition sentence, which links the ideas from one paragraph to another. Transition sentences help guide the reader and keep the writing flowing smoothly. Sample Body Paragraph Aà body paragraph may look something like this: (Topic sentence) Abraham Lincoln struggled to keep the country together when some people wanted to see it split apart. The Civil War broke out after many American states wanted to start a new country. Abraham Lincoln showed leadership skills when he led the Union to victory and kept the country from splitting in two. (Transition) His role in the Civil War kept the country together, but led to many threats to his own safety.(Next topic sentence) Lincoln did not back down under the many threats he received. . . . Summary or Conclusion Paragraph A strong conclusion restates your childsà argument and sums up everything they have written. It should also include a few sentences that repeat the points your child made in each body paragraph. In the end, your child should include a final sentence that sums up the whole argument. Although they contain some of the same information, theà introduction and the conclusion should not be the same. The conclusion should build on what your child has written in their body paragraphs and wrap things up for the reader. Sample Summary Paragraph The summary (or conclusion) should look something like this: Although many people in the country did not like Abraham Lincoln at the time, he was a great leader for our country. He kept the United States together when it was in danger of falling apart. He also stood brave in the face of danger and led the way to equal rights for all people. Abraham Lincoln is one of the most outstanding leaders in American history. Bibliography Your childs teacher may require a bibliography at the end of the students paper. The bibliography is simply a list of books or articles that your child used for his research. The sources should be listed in a precise formatà and in alphabetical order. Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1047845412938070209.post-39869381878521092882019-11-21T04:35:00.001-08:002019-11-21T04:35:09.967-08:00THE EFFECTS OF OBESITY ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE Research PaperTHE EFFECTS OF OBESITY ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE - Research Paper Example TomyprofessorshereatStrayerUniversity,Iwouldliketoespeciallythankyou. OurCampusDean,Dr.TeresaGreenwoodhasbeennotonlyagreatprofessorbutagoodrolemodelineducation.Ithankyouforyouradvice,suggestions,conversationsand leadershiphereatStrayerUniversity.Yourteachingandleadershipstyleshavebeenmotivatingtopursuearoleineducatingouryouthoftoday.ToDr.Bretanthanksfor yoursupportandfriendship.Ireallyhaveenjoyedyourteachingsandfellowship.Yourapproachtoeducationhasbeenimpressiveandfulfillingduringmytimeinallofyour classeshereatStrayerUniversity.ToJ?r.Jordan,BassandGoldstein,thanksforallof yourteachingsandleadershipthathavebeensatisfyingandrewardingintheEducation ManagementprogramhereatStrayerUniversitysince2010.Finally,thankstoallfaculty andstaffmembersyouallhavebeeninstrumentalinthisendeavor. TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgement Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introductionâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢ ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦...1 Context of the Problemâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦..4 Statement of problem â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦.5 Significance of the studyâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦6 Research questions...â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦...6 M ethodology â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦..â⬠¦.....7 Organization of the study â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦8 Referenceâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦...10 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION Related to the wellbeing of children, childhood obesity is one of main issues these days in almost every part of the world. This medical condition adversely affects the mental and physical health of children, as well as their level of self-confidence.On academic lev el, it puts an unpleasant impact on the mind and confidence of obesity children because of which they usually do not show good academic performances (Sabia, 2007, p. 871). In developed countries, childhood obesity has become a serious health concern (Dehghan, Akhtar-Danesh,& Merchant, 2005). Obese children usually do not perform well in their studies because they feel inferiority complex when their peers make fun of them. Their level of confidence and self-esteem go down as the result which makes them unable to talk to their teachers and peers in a confident way. It is obvious that at school level, children are not as mentally mature as they get when they grow up. So they do not have any idea whether they are doing a good act by laughing at a comparatively fat fellow or not. They laugh at him/her, make fun, and call him/her by improper names because of which the confidence level of the targeted fellow goes down and he/she becomes unable to cope with the situation. This results in ma king the child self-conscious and less focused towards studies. Moreover, obese children feel low due to such situations because of which Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1047845412938070209.post-10906231007570469422019-11-19T21:10:00.001-08:002019-11-19T21:10:04.197-08:00Homework Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3Homework - Research Paper Example The system also helps in management of such factors as differences in exchange rates, language, and culture and therefore promises and enhances capacity in the global set up. The organization also needs ERP system to improve its management initiatives from monitoring processes to control potentials over its processes. The system can also save the organization from efforts and resources for ordinary management of data (Monk and Wagner 2012, p. 36). ERP benefits Bag Co. by ensuring efficiency in data management. The system detects and eliminates duplication of data, a factor that ensures accuracy in data for informed decisions I data application. The organization has also attained a significant level of efficiency from the systemââ¬â¢s application because its processes are faster, more accurate and cost effective (Hossain, Patrick, Rashid and Rashid 2002, p. 45). ERP also benefits the organization through integration of factors to the organizationââ¬â¢s benefits for eliminated barriers (Monk and Wagner 2012, p. 36). Enterprise Resource Planning has the advantage of facilitated independence across an organizationââ¬â¢s department because it avails information from different departments at a centralized place. This has secondary advantages of faster processes that ensure efficient service delivery to customers. The system also offers a competitive advantage over other organization through established efficiency and is an avenue to success in the global environment. The system is however expensive in terms of time and financial resources. The system is also prone information breach and may lead to information loss to competitors (Sudalaimuthu and Raj 2009, p. 364). Integrating SCM and CRM with ERP has the value of improving an organizationââ¬â¢s competitive advantage. This is because the integration improves effectiveness of each of the systems and combines the systemââ¬â¢s objectives that add different values to an Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1047845412938070209.post-2599819376025271352019-11-17T09:41:00.001-08:002019-11-17T09:41:07.921-08:00Midterm Exam Essay Example for Free Midterm Exam Essay Utopian Stories After reading the short stories thought this semester, I have found that many of the Utopian stories are thematically the same. A Utopian story is a short story or novel in which someone pays the cost for perfection in society. There are three short stories that are most thematically alike those are: The Lottery by Shirley Jackson in 1948; The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas by Ursula K. Le Guin in 1975; and Harrison Bergeron by Kurt Vonnegut Jr. in 1961. I have chosen these three stories because someone pays the cost in each of these stories and the results in each of them are the same. The elements of plot, characterizations, settings and symbols of each of these stories are alike. The story The Lottery by Shirley Jackson is about village who stones a villager, old or young, once a year, for good crops and harvest. This person is chosen by a draw from a box. As in the lottery, the short story entitled The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas by Ursula K Le Guin is about a community that isolates and eglects a child for a perfect community and in Harrison Bergeron by Kurt Vonnegut Jr. he community is restrained by handicaps so that everyone can be equally perfect. All of these stories plots have the one person that is tortured or killed for everyone elses happiness. Someone has to die or be neglected for perfection, they become sacrifices and not willingly. They are chosen unfairly or are held back of their gifts. The characterizations in each of these stories are simply innocent. None of the main characters had a choice and if they rebelled they were still put to death. In The Lottery Mrs. Hutchinson seems to be a normal mother and a great wife. She was doing as women in that time should have done, and she was late because she was doing the dishes. She was innocent. In The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas a young boy is neglected and frowned upon as a sacrifice. It is not said that this boy had done anything to deserve this, or that he was chosen because of his behavior. He was innocent and very young, most likely pure. In Harrison Bergeron both the mother and father were a normal family however the father had to wear a handicap to make im less intelligent and Harrison was a normal boy that was smart and talented however he disagreed and paid a cost. I believe that all the characters were treated unfairly. They all seemed to be nice and normal. The settings and Symbols of each of the stories are in a small village or community. A smaller community is easier to control and persuade. I think that the symbols are similar they are all restraints in a way or isolation. Stones were used in the lottery and when thinking of a stone I think of something cold and hard and very uncomfortable. In the Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas they used a basement to keep the boy in. When thinking of a basement I think of a dark cold place also very hard and uncomfortable. In Harrison Bergeron they used handicaps that were probably uncomfortable and the loud sounds in their all very uncomfortable. In conclusion I believe that these three stories were all thematically alike. The Lottery, The Ones Who Walk away from Omelas, and Harrison Bergeron were all great stories and I would recommend them to anyone who would like to read a utopian story. Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1047845412938070209.post-44733401560540360462019-11-14T22:13:00.001-08:002019-11-14T22:13:02.596-08:00nuclear war? :: essays research papers A Nuclear Solution? During the nuclear age, some nations have attempted to reduce the number of their nuclear weapons as much as some nations have tried to obtain the weapons. Numerous programs have been started to decrease the number of nuclear missiles. The problem with those plans is ââ¬Å"decreaseâ⬠and not disarm. Many countries donââ¬â¢t want to give up their biggest weapon and who could blame them. Some countries need that weapon as a way of defense against an aggressive nation. Since the only true solution to nuclear weapons will not realistically happen in todayââ¬â¢s world, I think that we should attempt to make the best of the situation and if we are going to use them we should use them fairly. Therefore, I offer a counter solution. Instead of ridding ourselves of nuclear weapons we should use them to our advantage. We must realize that nuclear weapons, whether we like it or not, have become an integral part of our world environment. Nuclear weapons are a part of our global security setting. Knowledge will continue to exist; it cannot be disinvested. Nuclear weapons can be used as a deterrent to war. Nuclear devices have come a long way since the first two were dropped on Japan by the United States during the Second World War. Todayââ¬â¢s nuclear weapons are respected as more than simple weapons and the mere mention of them demands attention. Therefore, countries around the world have found that nuclear weapons are more useful as a political deterrent to deter common war and non-nuclear or non-biological warfare. Professor Richard Haas furthers my point by stating, ââ¬Å"Nuclear weapons have made a major contribution to world peace. The Cold War only remained cold because both the United States and the Soviet Union understood that any direct confrontation between them would likely escalate i nto a nuclear holocaust. The American nuclear arsenal aids deterrence in hot spots like the Korean Peninsula, where there has been no real war for forty decades. Indeed fear of American nuclear retaliation deterred Sadaam Hussein from using biological agents against allied forces during the Gulf War.â⬠Nuclear weapons steer people away from the usage of these terrible forms of war, which saves the lives of innocents. Many leading nations use the threat of nuclear weapons for deterrence and they use them with in the bounds of treaties and rules set up by the United Nations. Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0